Floodplain forests drive fruit-eating fish diversity at the Amazon Basin-scale.

Unlike most rivers globally, nearly all lowland Amazonian rivers have unregulated flow, supporting seasonally flooded floodplain forests. Floodplain forests harbor a unique tree species assemblage adapted to flooding and specialized fauna, including fruit-eating fish that migrate seasonally into floodplains, favoring expansive floodplain areas. Frugivorous fish are forest-dependent fauna critical to forest regeneration via seed dispersal and support commercial and artisanal fisheries.

An endemic species flock of Candonidae Kaufmann, 1900 (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from wells in Benin (Africa), with the description of a new subfamily, a new genus and five new species.

Between 2015 and 2022, over 200 wells were sampled in four catchment areas of Benin, using both Cvetkov plankton nets (funnel 200 µm mesh size, 150 µm below valve) and baited traps. As artificial wells serve as ecotones (interfaces between surface and groundwater ecosystems), the ostracod fauna is mostly represented by two families; Cyprididae (mainly epigeic) and Candonidae (hypogeic). Here, we describe a new subfamily of Candonidae from the wells in Benin, the Benincandoninae subfam.

Perinatal Outcomes Following Intravenous Iron for Treatment of Iron Deficiency With and Without Anemia.

Objective: To determine maternal and neonatal outcomes in individuals with iron deficiency receiving antepartum intravenous (IV) iron supplementation, stratified by the degree of anemia.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study of iron-deficient pregnant patients who received at least one IV infusion of iron (iron sucrose, low molecular weight iron dextran [LMWID], or ferric carboxymaltose) during their pregnancy from January 1, 2011 through June 16, 2022. Our primary outcomes included both neonatal composite morbidity and maternal composite morbidity in the context of maternal anemia.

Rare presence and function of neuroendocrine cells in the nasal mucosa.

There is growing evidence that neurogenic inflammation contributes to the pathophysiology of upper airway diseases, with nasal hyperreactivity (NHR) being a key symptom. The rare neuroendocrine cells (NECs) in the epithelium have been linked to the pathophysiology of bronchial and intestinal hyperreactivity, however their presence in the nasal mucosa and their potential role in NHR remains unclear. Therefore, we studied the presence of NECs in the nasal epithelium of controls, allergic rhinitis patients and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps patients, and their link to NHR.

Serum ferritin and the risk of early-onset colorectal cancer.

Background: The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC) is rising in the United States, and is often diagnosed at advanced stages. Low serum ferritin is often incidentally discovered in young adults, however, the indication for endoscopy in EO-CRC is unclear.

Aim: To compare serum ferritin between patients with EO-CRC and healthy controls (HCs), and examine the association of serum ferritin in EO-CRC with patient- and disease-specific characteristics.

The XENONnT dark matter experiment.

The multi-staged XENON program at INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso aims to detect dark matter with two-phase liquid xenon time projection chambers of increasing size and sensitivity. The XENONnT experiment is the latest detector in the program, planned to be an upgrade of its predecessor XENON1T. It features an active target of 5.

Yielding Is an Absorbing Phase Transition with Vanishing Critical Fluctuations.

The yielding transition in athermal complex fluids can be interpreted as an absorbing phase transition between an elastic, absorbing state with high mesoscopic degeneracy and a flowing, active state. We characterize quantitatively this phase transition in an elastoplastic model under fixed applied shear stress, using a finite-size scaling analysis. We find vanishing critical fluctuations of the order parameter (i.

The impact of hematology electronic consultations on the management of iron deficiency.

Objectives: Delays in the evaluation and treatment of iron deficiency can lead to increased disease-related morbidity and mortality. Electronic consultation (e-consult) is a referral modality that allows providers quicker access to recommendations from a specialist based on electronic chart review. While the use of e-consult is expanding in classical hematology, gaps exist in the understanding of patient outcomes related to its use for iron deficiency.

The effect of a direct-fed microbial (10-G) on live animal performance, carcass characteristics, and prevalence of fed beef heifers.

The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of the direct-fed microbial 10-G upon cattle growth performance, liver and lung health, carcass quality, and yield outcomes, as well as prevalence and enumeration of in feces and lymph nodes. Fed beef heifers ( = 1,400; initial shrunk body weight [] 343.3 ± 36.

Serum ferritin and risk of colonic neoplasia: Implications for the workup and treatment of iron deficiency.

Iron deficiency is the most common extraintestinal sign of colonic neoplasia, including colorectal cancer (CRC) and other lower gastrointestinal pathology. Both upper endoscopy and colonoscopy is usually recommended in the work-up of patients with unexplained iron deficiency, particularly in men and postmenopausal women. As the incidence of early-onset CRC (age <50 years) rises in the United States, there is an increasing need to identify risk predictors to aid in the early detection of CRC.

Design Principles of DNA-Barcodes for Nanopore-FET Readout, Based on Molecular Dynamics and TCAD Simulations.

Nanopore field-effect transistor (NP-FET) devices hold great promise as sensitive single-molecule sensors, which provide CMOS-based on-chip readout and are also highly amenable to parallelization. A plethora of applications will therefore benefit from NP-FET technology, such as large-scale molecular analysis (e.g.

The nasal basal cell population shifts toward a diseased phenotype with impaired barrier formation capacity in allergic rhinitis.

Background: The integrity of the airway epithelium is guarded by the airway basal cells that serve as progenitor cells and restore wounds in case of injury. Basal cells are a heterogenous population, and specific changes in their behavior are associated with chronic barrier disruption-mechanisms that have not been studied in detail in allergic rhinitis (AR).

Objective: We aimed to study basal cell subtypes in AR and healthy controls.

Live-cell imaging reveals the trade-off between target search flexibility and efficiency for Cas9 and Cas12a.

CRISPR-Cas systems have widely been adopted as genome editing tools, with two frequently employed Cas nucleases being SpyCas9 and LbCas12a. Although both nucleases use RNA guides to find and cleave target DNA sites, the two enzymes differ in terms of protospacer-adjacent motif (PAM) requirements, guide architecture and cleavage mechanism. In the last years, rational engineering led to the creation of PAM-relaxed variants SpRYCas9 and impLbCas12a to broaden the targetable DNA space.

The effects of trait and state anxiety on gait in healthy young adults.

Stable, personality-based (trait), and fluctuating, situational (state) anxiety have both been shown to consume attentional resources and reduce functional cognitive capacity, which may play a role in gait control. However, the role of attention in the relationship between trait and state anxiety has not yet been investigated formally. This study used a virtual reality-threat environment to evaluate whether changes in attention mediate the effects of state and trait anxiety on gait.

Temporal analysis of relative distances (TARDIS) is a robust, parameter-free alternative to single-particle tracking.

In single-particle tracking, individual particles are localized and tracked over time to probe their diffusion and molecular interactions. Temporal crossing of trajectories, blinking particles, and false-positive localizations present computational challenges that have remained difficult to overcome. Here we introduce a robust, parameter-free alternative to single-particle tracking: temporal analysis of relative distances (TARDIS).

On a new genus and four new species of the subfamily Cyprettinae (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from Brazilian floodplains.

We describe the new genus Triangocypretta gen. nov. and four new species from Brazilian floodplains.

On a new tribe, genus and species of Cypricercinae McKenzie, 1971 (Crustacea, Ostracoda, Cyprididae) from New Caledonia (Pacific Ocean).

The New Caledonian Archipelago is a hot spot for biodiversity and endemism. Here, we describe Lithocypris peyia gen. et spec.

Rarity: discovering rare cell populations from single-cell imaging data.

Motivation: Cell type identification plays an important role in the analysis and interpretation of single-cell data and can be carried out via supervised or unsupervised clustering approaches. Supervised methods are best suited where we can list all cell types and their respective marker genes a priori, while unsupervised clustering algorithms look for groups of cells with similar expression properties. This property permits the identification of both known and unknown cell populations, making unsupervised methods suitable for discovery.

Sex, lies, and iron deficiency: a call to change ferritin reference ranges.

Iron deficiency is a very common and treatable disorder. Of all the tests available to diagnose iron deficiency, the serum ferritin is the most able to discriminate iron deficiency from other disorders. However, the reference range for ferritin in many laboratories will lead to underdiagnosis of iron deficiency in women.