Clinical relevance of calprotectin in patients with perianal fistulas in Crohn's disease and cryptoglandular fistulas.

Background And Aims: Previous literature suggests that faecal calprotectin (FC) discriminates Crohn's disease perianal fistulas from cryptoglandular fistulas, irrespective of luminal disease. This study aims to prospectively validate this and analyse if increased local fistula calprotectin levels are associated with fistula characteristics.

Methods: In this prospective study, all consecutive patients with an active perianal fistula undergoing examination under anaesthesia were included.

Addition of Platelet-Rich Plasma to Endorectal Advancement Flap Repair Does Not Enhance the Healing of Cryptoglandular Transsphincteric Fistulas.

Background: Endorectal advancement flap repair is often performed for the treatment of cryptoglandular transsphincteric fistulas. However, this procedure fails in approximately 1 of 4 patients. Based on its supposed healing properties, platelet-rich plasma might enhance the outcome of this procedure.

A BET Protein Inhibitor Targeting Mononuclear Myeloid Cells Affects Specific Inflammatory Mediators and Pathways in Crohn's Disease.

Background: Myeloid cells are critical determinants of the sustained inflammation in Crohn's Disease (CD). Targeting such cells may be an effective therapeutic approach for refractory CD patients. Bromodomain and extra-terminal domain protein inhibitors (iBET) are potent anti-inflammatory agents; however, they also possess wide-ranging toxicities.

Role of the Mesentery in Crohn's Terminal Ileitis.

Despite the longstanding awareness of the presence of mesenteric alterations in Crohn's disease, the functional and clinical consequences of these alterations remain a topic of debate. Guidelines advise a limited resection without resection of the adjacent mesentery to prevent short bowel syndrome and postoperative complications. However, recently mesenteric resection has been proposed as an alternative to reduce recurrence rates in Crohn's disease patients.

Anatomical Variation in Mesenteric Macrophage Phenotypes in Crohn's Disease.

Introduction: Clinical trials are currently investigating whether an extended mesenteric resection for ileocecal resections could reduce postoperative recurrence in Crohn's disease. Resection of the mesorectum, which contains proinflammatory macrophages, during proct(ocol)ectomy, is associated with reduced recurrent inflammation and improved wound healing. We aimed to characterize the macrophages in the ileocecal mesentery, which were compared with those in the mesorectum, to provide a biological rationale for the ongoing trials.