Publications by authors named "Marta Zabczynska"
Article Synopsis
- - Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is a complex pediatric cancer that requires precise diagnostics to ensure effective treatment, especially in distinguishing between B-cell ALL (B-ALL) and T-cell ALL (T-ALL).
- - This study investigates the use of label-free Raman imaging with chemometrics as a rapid testing method for accurately identifying and classifying B-ALL and T-ALL at the single-cell level, showing significant improvements over traditional methods.
- - Findings reveal that Raman spectroscopy detects unique molecular signatures in leukemic cells, allowing for reliable differentiation from normal lymphocytes, and highlights its potential for enhancing clinical diagnosis and personalized treatment strategies in pediatric oncology.
Raman spectroscopy can recognize the KMT2A rearrangement as a distinct subtype of leukemia.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc
June 2024
Article Synopsis
- - Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are common and difficult-to-treat blood cancers, with ALL having a particularly aggressive subtype linked to KMT2A gene rearrangement, especially in children.
- - Researchers combined Raman spectroscopy with machine learning to create a method that can distinguish KMT2A-r ALL cells from other types of leukemia and normal cells, based on their unique spectroscopic profiles.
- - The study established a rapid, label-free technique that identifies KMT2A-r ALL blasts by measuring specific Raman bands, which could potentially enhance diagnostic accuracy in labs and medical facilities.
B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) with chromosome translocations like gene rearrangement (KMT2A-r) and fusion gene have been recognized as crucial drivers in both BCP-ALL leukemogenesis and treatment management. Standard diagnostic protocols for proliferative diseases of the hematopoietic system, like KMT2A-r-ALL, are genetically based and strongly molecularly oriented. Therefore, an efficient diagnostic procedure requires not only experienced and multidisciplinary laboratory staff but also considerable instrumentation and material costs.
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- Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are crucial for diagnosing diseases, and their specific subtypes can be distinguished using cytometric methods, although these techniques have limitations.
- The study focused on isolating B and T lymphocytes from healthy donors and employed various advanced methods, including immunomagnetic negative selection and Raman imaging, to analyze and differentiate the cells based on their unique spectral profiles.
- Results indicate that Raman spectroscopy can effectively distinguish between B and T cells, confirming the presence of β-carotene in T lymphocytes and showcasing the technique's potential for clinical diagnostics.
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common type of malignant neoplasms in the pediatric population. B-cell precursor ALLs (BCP-ALLs) are derived from the progenitors of B lymphocytes. Traditionally, risk factors stratifying therapy in ALL patients included age at diagnosis, initial leukocytosis, and the response to chemotherapy.
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- Autoimmune diseases trigger alterations in protein glycosylation, significantly impacting both immune responses and affected tissues.
- Notably, alterations like agalactosylation of immunoglobulin G (IgG) are commonly seen in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel disease, and multiple sclerosis.
- Changes in IgG glycosylation, including decreased core fucosylation, serve as potential biomarkers for autoimmune conditions, influencing T cell activation and overall immune response.
Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) are the most common group of autoimmune diseases, associated with lymphocyte infiltration and the production of thyroid autoantibodies, like thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), in the thyroid gland. Immunoglobulins and cell-surface receptors are glycoproteins with distinctive glycosylation patterns that play a structural role in maintaining and modulating their functions. We investigated associations of total circulating IgG and peripheral blood mononuclear cells glycosylation with AITD and the influence of genetic background in a case-control study with several independent cohorts and over 3,000 individuals in total.
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- ADCC and CDC play key roles in damaging thyroid tissue in Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), with the glycosylation of IgG affecting its cytotoxic abilities.
- This study aimed to evaluate how HT-specific IgG glycosylation influences ADCC and CDC using cell line models and blood samples from donors.
- Findings showed that IgG from HT patients resulted in increased cytotoxicity compared to healthy donors, and removing sialic acids from IgG enhanced ADCC while reducing CDC.
Altered N-glycan profile of IgG-depleted serum proteins in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj
March 2020
Article Synopsis
- Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disorder that primarily causes inflammation of the thyroid gland and is the leading cause of hypothyroidism, though its exact mechanisms remain unclear.* -
- The study used high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry to analyze serum N-glycans in HT patients, revealing changes in glycosylation patterns, particularly an increase in specific sialylated structures and a decrease in core fucosylation.* -
- These glycosylation alterations may be linked to the chronic inflammation associated with HT, indicating that serum protein sialylation changes are characteristic of autoimmune processes in this condition.*
The key proteins responsible for hormone synthesis in the thyroid are glycosylated. Oligosaccharides strongly affect the function of glycosylated proteins. Both thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secreted by the pituitary gland and TSH receptors on the surface of thyrocytes contain -glycans, which are crucial to their proper activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntegrin-dependent binding of the cell to extracellular matrix (ECM) is a key activator of the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling pathway. N-glycosylation of integrins affects their interactions with ECM proteins. Using WM266-4 cells with overexpression of β1,6-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V, we showed that β1,6-branched N-glycans increased tyrosine phosphorylation of FAK in metastatic melanoma cells, resulting in enhanced migration on vitronectin (VN).
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- * The composition and structure of glycans depend on various factors, including the activity of glycosyltransferases and environmental influences, impacting the variability of glycoproteins.
- * Glycans are essential for immune cell function, aiding in intercellular interactions, leukocyte migration, and the activity of key immune proteins, with changes in glycan structures serving as potential disease markers.
N-glycosylation plays an important role in the majority of physiological and pathological processes occurring in the immune system. Alteration of the type and abundance of glycans is an element of lymphocyte differentiation; it is also common in the development of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. The N-glycosylation process is very sensitive to different environmental agents, among them the pharmacological environment of immunosuppressive drugs.
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