Recent developments in the general atomic and molecular electronic structure system.

A discussion of many of the recently implemented features of GAMESS (General Atomic and Molecular Electronic Structure System) and LibCChem (the C++ CPU/GPU library associated with GAMESS) is presented. These features include fragmentation methods such as the fragment molecular orbital, effective fragment potential and effective fragment molecular orbital methods, hybrid MPI/OpenMP approaches to Hartree-Fock, and resolution of the identity second order perturbation theory. Many new coupled cluster theory methods have been implemented in GAMESS, as have multiple levels of density functional/tight binding theory.

Breaking bonds of open-shell species with the restricted open-shell size extensive left eigenstate completely renormalized coupled-cluster method.

The recently developed restricted open-shell, size extensive, left eigenstate, completely renormalized (CR), coupled-cluster (CC) singles (S), doubles (D), and noniterative triples (T) approach, termed CR-CC(2,3) and abbreviated in this paper as ROCCL, is compared with the unrestricted CCSD(T) [UCCSD(T)] and multireference second-order perturbation theory (MRMP2) methods to assess the accuracy of the calculated potential energy surfaces (PESs) of eight single bond-breaking reactions of open-shell species that consist of C, H, Si, and Cl; these types of reactions are interesting because they account for part of the gas-phase chemistry in the silicon carbide chemical vapor deposition. The full configuration interaction (FCI) and multireference configuration interaction with Davidson quadruples correction [MRCI(Q)] methods are used as benchmark methods to evaluate the accuracy of the ROCCL, UCCSD(T), and MRMP2 PESs. The ROCCL PESs are found to be in reasonable agreement with the corresponding FCI or MRCI(Q) PESs in the entire region R = 1-3Re for all of the studied bond-breaking reactions.

Stereoelectronic effects on molecular geometries and state-energy splittings of ligated monocopper dioxygen complexes.

The relative energies of side-on versus end-on binding of molecular oxygen to a supported Cu(I) species, and the singlet versus triplet nature of the ground electronic state, are sensitive to the nature of the supporting ligands and, in particular, depend upon their geometric arrangement relative to the O2 binding site. Highly correlated ab initio and density functional theory electronic structure calculations demonstrate that optimal overlap (and oxidative charge transfer) occurs for the side-on geometry, and this is promoted by ligands that raise the energy, thereby enhancing resonance, of the filled Cu dxz orbital that hybridizes with the in-plane pi* orbital of O2. Conversely, ligands that raise the energy of the filled Cu dz2 orbital foster a preference for end-on binding as this is the only mode that permits good overlap with the in-plane O2 pi*.

A comparative assessment of the perturbative and renormalized coupled cluster theories with a noniterative treatment of triple excitations for thermochemical kinetics, including a study of basis set and core correlation effects.

The CCSD, CCSD(T), and CR-CC(2,3) coupled cluster methods, combined with five triple-zeta basis sets, namely, MG3S, aug-cc-pVTZ, aug-cc-pV(T+d)Z, aug-cc-pCVTZ, and aug-cc-pCV(T+d)Z, are tested against the DBH24 database of diverse reaction barrier heights. The calculations confirm that the inclusion of connected triple excitations is essential to achieving high accuracy for thermochemical kinetics. They show that various noniterative ways of incorporating connected triple excitations in coupled cluster theory, including the CCSD(T) approach, the full CR-CC(2,3) method, and approximate variants of CR-CC(2,3) similar to the triples corrections of the CCSD(2) approaches, are all about equally accurate for describing the effects of connected triply excited clusters in studies of activation barriers.

Extension of the renormalized coupled-cluster methods exploiting left eigenstates of the similarity-transformed hamiltonian to open-shell systems: a benchmark study.

The recently formulated completely renormalized coupled-cluster method with singles, doubles, and noniterative triples, exploiting the biorthogonal form of the method of moments of coupled-cluster equations (Piecuch, P.; Włoch, M. J.

Theoretical characterization of end-on and side-on peroxide coordination in ligated Cu2O2 models.

The relative energetics of mu-eta1:eta1 (trans end-on) and mu-eta2:eta2 (side-on) peroxo isomers of Cu2O2 fragments supported by 0, 2, 4, and 6 ammonia ligands have been computed with various density functional, coupled-cluster, and multiconfigurational protocols. There is substantial disagreement between the different levels for most cases, although completely renormalized coupled-cluster methods appear to offer the most reliable predictions. The significant biradical character of the end-on peroxo isomer proves problematic for the density functionals, while the demands on active space size and the need to account for interactions between different states in second-order perturbation theory prove challenging for the multireference treatments.

Theoretical models on the Cu2O2 torture track: mechanistic implications for oxytyrosinase and small-molecule analogues.

Accurately describing the relative energetics of alternative bis(mu-oxo) and mu-eta2:eta2 peroxo isomers of Cu2O2 cores supported by 0, 2, 4, and 6 ammonia ligands is remarkably challenging for a wide variety of theoretical models, primarily owing to the difficulty of maintaining a balanced description of rapidly changing dynamical and nondynamical electron correlation effects and a varying degree of biradical character along the isomerization coordinate. The completely renormalized coupled-cluster level of theory including triple excitations and extremely efficient pure density functional levels of theory quantitatively agree with one another and also agree qualitatively with experimental results for Cu2O2 cores supported by analogous but larger ligands. Standard coupled-cluster methods, such as CCSD(T), are in most cases considerably less accurate and exhibit poor convergence in predicted relative energies.

Renormalized coupled-cluster methods exploiting left eigenstates of the similarity-transformed Hamiltonian.

Completely renormalized (CR) coupled-cluster (CC) approaches, such as CR-CCSD(T), in which one corrects the standard CC singles and doubles (CCSD) energy for the effects of triply (T) and other higher-than-doubly excited clusters [K. Kowalski and P. Piecuch, J.

Active-space coupled-cluster study of electronic states of Be3.

The active-space coupled-cluster (CC) and equation-of-motion (EOM) CC methods with all single and double excitations with triple excitations defined via active orbitals (CCSDt, EOMCCSDt), as implemented with TENSOR CONTRACTION ENGINE, are applied to the challenging Be3 system, which is characterized by a large number of low-lying excited states dominated by two-electron transitions and significant high-order correlation effects in the ground electronic state. It is demonstrated that the CCSDt and EOMCCSDt methods provide an excellent description of complicated electronic quasidegeneracies present in the Be3 cluster. Different strategies for defining triple excitations within the CCSDtEOMCCSDt approach are discussed.

Active-space equation-of-motion coupled-cluster methods for excited states of radicals and other open-shell systems: EA-EOMCCSDt and IP-EOMCCSDt.

The previously developed active-space coupled-cluster (CC) and equation-of-motion (EOM) CC methods are extended to radicals and other open-shell systems by combining them with the electron attached (EA) and ionized (IP) EOMCC approaches. As illustrated by the calculations for the CH and OH radicals, the resulting EA-EOMCCSDt and IP-EOMCCSDt theories are capable of providing a highly accurate description of the electronic spectra of radical systems, including excited states displaying a manifestly multideterminantal nature, with the low costs that are not much greater that those characterizing the standard EOMCC singles and doubles method.

Extension of renormalized coupled-cluster methods including triple excitations to excited electronic states of open-shell molecules.

The general-purpose open-shell implementation of the completely renormalized equation-of-motion coupled-cluster approach with singles, doubles, and noniterative triples [CR-EOMCCSD(T)] is reported. Benchmark calculations for the low-lying doublet and quartet states of the CH radical show that the CR-EOMCCSD(T) method is capable of providing a highly accurate description of ground and excited states of open-shell molecules. This includes states with strong double excitation character, for which the conventional EOMCCSD approach fails.

Comparison of low-order multireference many-body perturbation theories.

Tests have been made to benchmark and assess the relative accuracies of low-order multireference perturbation theories as compared to coupled cluster (CC) and full configuration interaction (FCI) methods. Test calculations include the ground and some excited states of the Be, H(2), BeH(2), CH(2), and SiH(2) systems. Comparisons with FCI and CC calculations show that in most cases the effective valence shell Hamiltonian (H(v)) method is more accurate than other low-order multireference perturbation theories, although none of the perturbative methods is as accurate as the CC approximations.