Degeneration of the cholinergic system in individuals with subjective cognitive decline: A systematic review.

Background: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is a risk factor for future cognitive impairment and dementia. It is uncertain whether the neurodegeneration of the cholinergic system is already present in SCD individuals. We aimed to review the current evidence about the association between SCD and biomarkers of degeneration in the cholinergic system.

Can specific virtual reality combined with conventional rehabilitation improve poststroke hand motor function? A randomized clinical trial.

Trial Objective: To verify whether conventional rehabilitation combined with specific virtual reality is more effective than conventional therapy alone in restoring hand motor function and muscle tone after stroke.

Trial Design: This prospective single-blind randomized controlled trial compared conventional rehabilitation based on physiotherapy and occupational therapy (control group) with the combination of conventional rehabilitation and specific virtual reality technology (experimental group). Participants were allocated to these groups in a ratio of 1:1.

Modified Rapid Emergency Medicine Score-Lactate (mREMS-L) performance to screen non-anticipated 30-day-related-mortality in emergency department.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the ability to predict 30-day in-hospital mortality of lactate versus the modified Rapid Emergency Medicine Score (mREMS) versus the arithmetic sum of the mREMS plus the numerical value of lactate (mREMS-L).

Methods: A prospective, multicentric, emergency department delivery, pragmatic study was conducted. To determine the predictive capacity of the scales, lactate was measured and the mREMS and mREMS-L were calculated in adult patients (aged>18 years) transferred with high priority by ambulance to the emergency department in five hospitals of Castilla y Leon between 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2021.

Analysis of Fear Post COVID in First-Year Students after the Incorporation to the Classroom: Descriptive Study in University Students of Health Sciences.

Background: After the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, social restriction measures were implemented, among them, the adaptation of university teaching to online modality until the end of the 2019-2020 school year in order to stop the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. At the beginning of the 2020-2021 school year, the Spanish universities opted for face-to-face teaching. To that end, different special measures and adaptations were implemented in higher education facilities, aimed at minimizing the risk of infection and ensuring safe face-to-face learning.

Changes in Resilience in Students of Occupational Therapy After Their First Exposure to Practice Placement Education.

Resilience is a multidimensional and dynamic construct associated with positive growth and the capacity to transform stressful and negative factors into opportunities of personal development and self-improvement when faced with difficult experiences. The resilience process of each individual integrates multiple analysis levels, which range from genetic-environmental interactions to a complex process of adaptation between the individual and his/her family, friends, co-workers, society, and culture. To determine whether resilience improves in students of occupational therapy when exposed for the first time to practice placement education.

Effects of Specific Virtual Reality-Based Therapy for the Rehabilitation of the Upper Limb Motor Function Post-Ictus: Randomized Controlled Trial.

This research analyzed the combined effect of conventional treatment and virtual reality exposure therapy on the motor function of the upper extremities in people with stroke. We designed a randomized controlled trial set in the rehabilitation and neurology departments of a hospital (Talavera de la Reina, Spain). The subjects included 43 participants, all randomized into experimental (conventional treatment + virtual reality exposure therapy) and control group (conventional treatment).

Effects of Virtual Reality-Based Therapy on Quality of Life of Patients with Subacute Stroke: A Three-Month Follow-Up Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To evaluate the influence of conventional rehabilitation combined with virtual reality on improving quality of life related to post-stroke health.

Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Rehabilitation and neurology departments of a general hospital (Talavera de la Reina, Spain).

Analysis of Occupational Balance and Its Relation to Problematic Internet Use in University Occupational Therapy Students.

(1) Objective: to explore and describe the relationship between the occupational balance of university students taking a Degree in Occupational Therapy and the problematic use of the Internet and how these, in turn, favour or not the appearance of phubbing behaviour which involves "a behaviour that happens when an individual looks at his mobile phone during a conversation with other individuals, escaping from interpersonal communication". (2) Methods: this is a quantitative descriptive study of an observational and cross-sectional nature, not experimental. The Spanish version of the Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ-E), the Internet Addiction Test and the Phubbing Scale were used for data collection.

Eating Experiences of People with Disabilities: A Qualitative Study in Spain.

Background: Disability causes changes in the eating process, which is central to the definition of each individual's social and psychological spaces.

Methods: This is a qualitative study based on grounded theory. Interviews were carried out in clinical hospital settings and headquarters of several disability organisations.

Effectiveness of virtual reality technology on functional mobility of older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The accessibility, versatility and motivation provided by virtual reality technology (VRT) have fostered its rapid expansion as a rehabilitation technique to improve functional mobility. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of rehabilitation programmes using VRT, specific virtual reality technology (VRT-S) and non-specific virtual reality technology (VRT-NS), to improve functional mobility in individuals aged >60 years versus conventional treatment (CT) or no intervention.

Methods: Nine databases (Cochrane Library, Scopus, PEDro, Medline, CSIC, Web of Science, OT Seeker, NGCH and CINAHL) were searched to identify randomised trials up to December 2019.

Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Systems to Improve the Activities of Daily Life in Older People.

(1) This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of treatments with virtual reality systems (VRSs) on the functional autonomy of older adults versus conventional treatment. (3) Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis. An electronic data search was carried out, following the PRISMA statement, up to February 2020.

Can exergames contribute to improving walking capacity in older adults? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The accessibility, low cost and motivation generated by exergames has fostered its rapid expansion as a rehabilitation technique.

Objective: To estimate the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs using IVGT in improving walking capacity of people aged 60 years and over.

Materials And Methods: The electronic data research following the PRISMA Statement (Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science, OT Seeker, National Guideline Clearinghouse, Trip Database, CSIC Spanish National Research Council) was completed in September 2018.

Improving Self-Perceived Emotional Intelligence in Occupational Therapy Students Through Practical Training.

In the field of healthcare, higher skills in emotional intelligence (EI) have been proven to have a positive impact on healthcare professionals in general and occupational therapists in particular and also on teamwork and patient care. The purpose of this research was to determine whether performing practical work included in the undergraduate Occupational Therapy program improves students' self-perceived EI, and whether there are any differences in the latter depending on the area in which this practical training is performed. It was conducted a multicenter, quasi-experimental, pre-post study with Occupational Therapy undergraduate students in the 2016-2017 academic year.

Anatomical prosection practices in the Occupational Therapy degree. Student anxiety levels and academic effectiveness.

Context: The practice of anatomical dissection and/or prosection on human cadavers is an essential component of human anatomy training programmes. However, this activity can be stressful for inexperienced students when exposed to cadavers for the first time, and it may generate high anxiety levels. The aims of this study are threefold: 1) to analyse the thoughts and feelings of first-year students of the Occupational Therapy degree about prosection practices; 2) to examine their anxiety levels in relation to these practices; and 3) to evaluate how useful and effective they are as an educational tool for anatomy training.

[Effectiveness of a programme based on a virtual reality game for cognitive enhancement in schizophrenia].

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a programme based on a virtual reality game to improve cognitive domains in patients with schizophrenia.

Method: A randomized controlled trial was conducted in 40 patients with schizophrenia, 20 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group. The experimental group received 10 sessions with Nintendo Wii(®) for 5 weeks, 50 minutes/session, 2 days/week in addition to conventional treatment.