Hypomagnesaemia in haemodialysis is associated with increased mortality risk: its relationship with dialysis fluid.

Unlabelled: Hypomagnesaemia in haemodialysis (HD) is associated with increased mortality risk: its relationship with dialysis fluid (DF).

Introduction: Low concentrations of magnesium (Mg) in blood have been linked to the development of diabetes, hypertension, arrhythmias, vascular calcifications and an increased risk of death in the general population and in haemodialysis patients. The composition of the dialysis fluid in terms of its magnesium concentration is one of the main determinants of magnesium in haemodialysis patients.

Haemodialysis patients have worse postural balance with an associated risk of falls.

Introduction: Postural balance is the result of a complex interaction of sensory input which keeps us upright. Haemodialysis patients have alterations which can lead to postural instability and a risk of falls. Our objective was to analyse postural stability and its relationship with the risk of falls in haemodialysis patients using a force platform.

High prevalence of asymptomatic COVID-19 in haemodialysis: learning day by day in the first month of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Dialysis patients are a risk group for SARS-CoV-2 infection and possibly further complications, but we have little information. The aim of this paper is to describe the experience of the first month of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in a hospital haemodialysis (HD) unit serving the district of Madrid with the second highest incidence of COVID-19 (almost 1,000 patients in 100,000h). In the form of a diary, we present the actions undertaken, the incidence of COVID-19 in patients and health staff, some clinical characteristics and the results of screening all the patients in the unit.

Unlike Kt, high Kt/V is associated with greater mortality: The importance of low V.

Introduction: Kt/V has been used as a synonym for haemodialysis dose. Patient survival improved with a Kt/V>1; this target was subsequently increased to 1.2 and 1.

Follow a recipe to prescribe phosphate during hemodialysis.

The addition of phosphorus (P) to the dialysate (LD) in the form of enema Casen® is common practice in patients with hypophosphatemia. The estimation of the amount to be used and the identification of the problems that may can occur are not well defined. As a result of our work we propose a practical approach of how to proceed to increase phosphate concentration in the hemodialysate.

Is it useful to increase dialysate flow rate to improve the delivered Kt?

Background: Increasing dialysate flow rates (Qd) from 500 to 800 ml/min has been recommended to increase dialysis efficiency. A few publications show that increasing Qd no longer led to an increase in mass transfer area coefficient (KoA) or Kt/V measurement. Our objectives were: 1) Studying the effect in Kt of using a Qd of 400, 500, 700 ml/min and autoflow (AF) with different modern dialysers.

Psychosocial factors and adherence to drug treatment in patients on chronic haemodialysis.

Background: The daily pill burden in hemodialysis patients is one of the highest reported to date in any chronic disease. The adherence to prescribed treatment has implications on the quality of life, the survival of patients, and the economic cost of their treatment, this being a priority public health issue.

Objective: To evaluate the adherence to pharmacological treatment examining, among the possible causes of non-adherence, psychosocial factors such as depression, anxiety, cognitive impairment and social support.

A comparison of the effectiveness of two online haemodiafiltration modalities: mixed versus post-dilution.

Introduction: Haemodiafiltration (HDF) with high reinfusion volumes is the most effective technique for clearing uraemic toxins. There are various modalities depending on the location where the replacement volume is administered in the extracorporeal circuit: pre-dilution, mixed or mid-dilution and post-dilution, in which the infusion is carried out pre-dilution, pre- and post-dilution simultaneously and post-dilution, respectively.

Objective: Compare the clearance of small, medium-sized and protein-bound molecules and the convective volume administered in online HDF (OL-HDF) in post-dilution and mixed (pre-post-dilution) infusion.

On-line haemodiafiltration improves response to calcifediol treatment.

Introduction: 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OH-vit D) levels in the blood are associated with multiple pathologies. "Normal" values have been defined based on cardiovascular risk, and under this framework, patients with chronic kidney disease often have a deficit. 25-OH-vit D replacement in patients on haemodialysis (HD), in which dosage has not yet been clearly established, is becoming a constant in our daily practice.

Insulin resistance, inflammatory biomarkers, and adipokines in patients with chronic kidney disease: effects of angiotensin II blockade.

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) present a high prevalence of insulin resistance (IR). Some studies suggest that angiotensin II may influence some cellular pathways that contribute to the pathogenesis of IR and stimulate the release of proinflammatory cytokines. Fifty-two patients who had stages 3 and 4 CKD and no diabetes were administered an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), olmesartan (40 mg), for 16 wk.