Adherence to dietary treatment and clinical factors associated with anti-transglutaminase antibodies in celiac disease during the follow-up.

Introduction: In clinical practice, celiac disease (CD) is monitored through anti-transglutaminase (TGA-IgA) antibody levels. The normalization of serum levels in successive periodic measurements indicates good response and adherence to dietary treatment.

Objectives: To evaluate the factors associated with the evolution of TGA-IgA antibodies and their association with dietary non-compliance and diseases related to CD.

Macrophage oxygen sensing modulates antigen presentation and phagocytic functions involving IFN-gamma production through the HIF-1 alpha transcription factor.

Low oxygen tension areas are found in inflamed or diseased tissues where hypoxic cells induce survival pathways by regulating the hypoxia-inducible transcription factor (HIF). Macrophages are essential regulators of inflammation and, therefore, we have analyzed their response to hypoxia. Murine peritoneal elicited macrophages cultured under hypoxia produced higher levels of IFN-gamma and IL-12 mRNA and protein than those cultured under normoxia.