Selected Alternative Feed Additives Used to Manipulate the Rumen Microbiome.

In recent years, a boost in the ruminant population has been observed, and consequently, an increase in the animals' demand for nutrients and methane emissions. Methane emission is generated during the microbial fermentation of feed in the rumen, and a percentage even up to 12% of the energy obtained by this process can be wasted. In addition, the use of antibiotics in animal husbandry is being increasingly restricted.

Evaluation of Changes in the Levels of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes Phyla of Sheep Feces Depending on the Breed.

Studies carried out so far have indicated the effect of the microbiome on the composition of ruminant products. Recent studies have shown that not only diet, but also genetic factors can affect the microbiological composition of the digestive system. The aim of the study was to determine the differences in the levels of selected bacterial phyla in terms of breed differences.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 2-deficiency leads to neuronal degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis through altered AMPA receptor trafficking.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the most common adult-onset motor neuron disease is caused by a selective loss of motor neurons. One form of juvenile onset autosomal recessive ALS (ALS2) has been linked to the loss of function of the ALS2 gene. The pathogenic mechanism of ALS2-deficiency, however, remains unclear.

[Acute, massive pulmonary embolism treated with surgical embolectomy without cardio-pulmonary by-pass - a case report].

A case of a 44-year-old male with massive pulmonary embolism is presented. Due to recent intra-cranial haemorrhage and on-going urinary bleeding, the patient was not treated with anticoagulant or thrombolytic agents. Because of the symptoms of cardiogenic shock, an urgent surgical pulmonary embolectomy was performed, using an approach firstly described by Trendelenburg in 1908.