[Effect of gender equality on mortality from non-communicable diseases].

Objective: Relate gender inequalities with the probability of mortality from non-communicable diseases (NCD), in the countries of the world from the year 2000 to 2019, to detect the progress of Target 3.4 of the Sustainable Development Goal 3, to reduce NCD by one third between the ages of 30 and 70 by 2030.

Method: Exploratory ecological study on the association between the probability of death from NCD and the gender inequality index (GII) at the global level in 2000, 2015 and 2019.

Education as a dimension of human development: A Provincial-level Education Index for Ecuador.

This article deepens in the differences in educational development between the Ecuadorian provinces and in their evolution over time by estimating the Provincial-level Education Index. This index is built using the micro-databases of the two latest rounds of the Ecuador`s Living Standards Measurement Survey (2005-2006 and 2013-2014). The results show an overall increase in the educational development of the Ecuadorian provinces, as well as a slight reduction in inequality.

Healthcare professionals' experiences and perceptions regarding health care of indigenous pregnant women in Ecuador.

Background: Pregnancy is an important life experience that requires uniquely tailored approach to health care. The socio-cultural care practices of indigenous pregnant women (IPW) are passed along the maternal line with respect to identity, worldview and nature. The cultural differences between non-indigenous healthcare professionals (HPs) and IPW could present a great challenge in women's health care.

Governance commitment to reduce maternal mortality. A political determinant beyond the wealth of the countries.

Some countries reached, in 2015, the Millennium Development Goal of reducing maternal mortality to 96 or less maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. Others, however, did not. This paper analyses the strength of the association between maternal mortality and each of the six components of Governance-a political determinant scarcely explored in the literature-in 174 countries.

Gender inequality and violence against women in Spain, 2006-2014: towards a civilized society.

Objective: Considering both the economic crisis of 2008 and the Gender Equality Law (2007), this study analyses the association between gender inequality in Spanish Autonomous Communities (AC) and intimate partner violence (IPV) from 2006 to 2014 in terms of socio-demographic characteristics.

Methods: Ecological study in the 17 Spanish AC on the correlation between the reported cases by IPV and deaths and the Gender Inequality Index and its dimensions: empowerment, participation in the labour market and adolescent birth rates; and their correlation with Young People Not in Education, Employment or Training (NEET).

Results: In 2006, IPV mortality rates were higher in autonomous communities with greater gender inequality than AC with more equality (4.

[Times of gender equity: a description of the inequalities between autonomous communities, Spain 2006-2014].

Objective: Gender equity (GE) is a structural determinant of health inequalities. In this light, our objective is to show the evolution of gender equity in the Spanish autonomous communities since 2006, prior to the enactment of the Equality Act (2007) and the economic crisis (2008), until 2014.

Method: Ecological study of gender equity in the 17 Spanish autonomous communities from 2006-2011-2014.

Looking twice at the gender equity index for public health impact.

Background: It has been shown that gender equity has a positive impact on the everyday activities of people (decision making, income allocation, application and observance of norms/rules) which affect their health. Gender equity is also a crucial determinant of health inequalities at national level; thus, monitoring is important for surveillance of women's and men's health as well as for future health policy initiatives. The Gender Equity Index (GEI) was designed to show inequity solely towards women.