CRISPR/Cas9-mediated multiplex gene editing of gamma and omega gliadins: paving the way for gliadin-free wheat.

Wheat is a staple cereal in the human diet. Despite its significance, an increasing percentage of the population suffers adverse reactions to wheat, which are triggered by wheat gluten, particularly the gliadin fractions. In this study, we employed CRISPR/Cas [clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein] multiplexing to introduce targeted mutations into γ- and ω-gliadin genes of wheat, to produce lines deficient in one or both immunogenic gliadin fractions simultaneously.