Multi-organ dysfunction/injury on admission identifies acute heart failure patients at high risk of poor outcome.

Background: Clinical consequences of an interplay between dysfunction/injury of different end-organs in acute heart failure (AHF) remain unknown.

Methods And Results: In 284 consecutive AHF patients, end-organ dysfunction/injury was defined as cardiac [troponin I level above the upper reference limit (URL, > 0.056 ng/mL)], kidney (estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.