A retrospective study of deep learning generalization across two centers and multiple models of X-ray devices using COVID-19 chest-X rays.

Generalization of deep learning (DL) algorithms is critical for the secure implementation of computer-aided diagnosis systems in clinical practice. However, broad generalization remains to be a challenge in machine learning. This research aims to identify and study potential factors that can affect the internal validation and generalization of DL networks, namely the institution where the images come from, the image processing applied by the X-ray device, and the type of response function of the X-ray device.

Histological Reaction in the Round Window Membrane after Cochlear Implant Insertion in Nonhuman Primates.

Introduction: The primary objective of this article was to determine if any histological alterations occur in the round window (RW) and adjacent anatomical structures of an animal model with normal hearing when a cochlear implant (CI) electrode array is inserted. Furthermore, this article aims to relate these histological alterations to the auditory changes generated.

Methods: Cochlear implantation was performed, following the principles of minimally traumatic surgery (MTS), in 15 ears of nonhuman primates (Macaca fascicularis) (Mf) with normal hearing.

Correlation between High-Resolution Computed Tomography Scan Findings and Histological Findings in Human Vestibular End Organs and Surgical Implications.

Background: Histological study of vestibular end organs has been challenging due to the difficulty in preserving their structures for histological analysis and due to their complex geometry. Recently, radiology advances have allowed to deepen the study of the membranous labyrinth.

Summary: A review and analysis of surgical implications related to the anatomy of the vestibular end organ is performed.