Overview of pain in Ukrainian war injured.

Introduction: Our objective is to study the relationship between armed conflict injuries and pain and the treatments that have been applied to Ukrainian injured soldiers in our hospital.

Methods: We performed an observational study of a sample of 91 injured soldiers. The metrics we selected for the study included time from injury, length of stay, diagnosis, treatment, type and intensity of pain and questionnaires about pain and quality of life for the group of amputees.

Grouping groupers in the Mediterranean: Ecological baselines revealed by ancient proteins.

Marine historical ecology provides a means to establish baselines to inform current fisheries management. Groupers (Epinephelidae) are key species for fisheries in the Mediterranean, which have been heavily overfished. Species abundance and distribution prior to the 20th century in the Mediterranean remains poorly known.

Incidence of Melanoma in Catalonia, Spain, Is Rapidly Increasing in the Elderly Population. A Multicentric Cohort Study.

The incidence of melanoma has been increasing worldwide during recent decades. The objective of the study was to analyse the trends in incidence for in situ and invasive melanoma in the Spanish region of Catalonia during the period of 2008-2017. We designed a cross-sectional study with an age-period-cohort analysis of melanoma patient data from the Network of Melanoma Centres in Catalonia.

Locally advanced and metastatic basal cell carcinoma: molecular pathways, treatment options and new targeted therapies.

The hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway has been identified as important to normal embryonic development in living organisms and it is implicated in processes including cell proliferation, differentiation and tissue patterning. Aberrant Hh pathway has been involved in the pathogenesis and chemotherapy resistance of different solid and hematologic malignancies. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and medulloblastoma are two well-recognized cancers with mutations in components of the Hh pathway.

Differentially altered molecular signature of visceral adipose tissue in HIV-1-associated lipodystrophy.

Objective: Lipodystrophy in HIV-1-infected antiretroviral-treated patients is often associated with opposite alterations in adipose tissue depots as follows: lipoatrophy of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) versus lipohypertrophy of visceral adipose tissue (VAT). We determined the specific molecular alterations in VAT relative to SAT in patients.

Design: We analyzed the expression of marker genes of mitochondrial function, adipogenesis, and inflammation in a unique collection of 8 biopsies of omental VAT from HIV-1-infected antiretroviral-treated patients with lipodystrophy.

Double mucosal and myocutaneous island flap: a one-stage reconstruction for full-thickness lower eyelid defect.

Background: Basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) on the lower eyelid are not uncommon, and depending on their histological type, they can be highly aggressive and difficult to eradicate. Numerous techniques have been proposed for the reconstruction of the lower lid margin after surgical excision of the lesion.

Objective: To describe a double-flap technique consisting of a mucosal and myocutaneous V-Y advancement flap to repair full-thickness lower lid margin defects in a one-stage procedure under local anesthesia.

Differential gene expression indicates that 'buffalo hump' is a distinct adipose tissue disturbance in HIV-1-associated lipodystrophy.

Objective: To elucidate the molecular basis of the progressive enlargement of dorso-cervical adipose tissue, the so-called 'buffalo hump', that appears in a sub-set of patients with HIV-1/HAART-associated lipodystrophy.

Design: Analysis of the expression of marker genes of mitochondrial function, adipogenesis, inflammation and cell proliferation in ten 'buffalo hump' samples and ten subcutaneous fat samples from HIV-1-infected/HAART-treated patients, and in ten healthy controls.

Methods: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis of mitochondrial DNA and gene transcripts, and immunoblot for specific proteins.

Altered expression of nucleoside transporter genes (SLC28 and SLC29) in adipose tissue from HIV-1-infected patients.

Background: Nucleoside transporter proteins (NTs) encoded by members of the SLC28 and SLC29 gene families contribute to nucleoside and nucleobase recycling but also modulate extracellular adenosine levels and thus adenosine-regulated metabolic targets.

Methods: We have examined the expression pattern of NT-encoding genes in human adipose tissue and we have further analysed whether the mRNA related to these genes show changes in their amounts associated with either HIV-1 infection, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) or development of HIV-1-associated lipodystrophy syndrome (HALS).

Results: Human adipocytes express SLC28A1, SLC28A2 and SLC28A3 (encoding hCNT1, hCNT2 and hCNT3, respectively) and SLC29A1 and SLC29A2 (encoding hENT1 and hENT2, respectively).

HIV-1 infection alters gene expression in adipose tissue, which contributes to HIV- 1/HAART-associated lipodystrophy.

Background: The aetiopathogenic bases of HIV-l-/highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART)-associated lipodystrophy (HALS) are poorly known, but this syndrome indicates that adipose tissue is highly sensitive to either HIV-1 infection, antiretroviral drugs or their combination.

Methods: To assess the relative contribution of infection and drugs, we compared the expression of marker genes corresponding to mitochondrial function, adipocyte differentiation and metabolism, and adipokines in subcutaneous adipose tissue from healthy controls, untreated HIV-1-infected patients, and HIV-1-infected patients treated with HAART with or without HALS.

Results: Subcutaneous adipose tissue from HIV-1-infected patients contained lower concentrations of the mRNA of the mitochondrial DNA-encoded cytochrome c oxidase subunit II than that of controls.

Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin plus highly active antiretroviral therapy versus highly active antiretroviral therapy alone in HIV patients with Kaposi's sarcoma.

Twenty-eight HIV patients either naive or failing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)with moderate-advanced Kaposi's sarcoma (KS)were randomly chosen to initiate a new HAART regimen plus pegylated liposomal doxorubicin(PLD) or the new HAART regimen alone. After 48 weeks, better response rates were observed in the HAART plus PLD group (76% versus 20%). In HIV-infected patients with moderate-advanced KS, HAART alone may not be enough for KS response.

PTEN mutations in eight Spanish families and one Brazilian family with Cowden syndrome.

Cowden syndrome is an autosomal dominant genodermatosis, characterized by the presence of multiple hamartomas in the skin, breast, thyroid, gastrointestinal tract, central nervous system, and an increased risk in developing breast and thyroid carcinomas. Over 80 germline mutations of the tumor suppressor gene PTEN, on chromosome 10q23, have been reported in more than 100 unrelated patients and families; however, questions regarding distribution of the mutations in populations from different geographic areas, and phenotypic expression are still unclear. In this study the results are reported of mutation analysis of PTEN in 13 families from Spain and one family of Brazilian origin with Cowden syndrome.