Effects of cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose on dyslipidemia in hamsters.

Cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose (cHEC) was supplemented in a high-fat diet to determine if this new soluble fiber had an effect on hypercholesterolemia and dyslipidemia associated with cardiovascular disease using Golden Syrian hamster as an animal model. Supplementation of 3-5% cHEC in a high-fat diet for 4 weeks led to significant weight gain reduction in hamsters. In addition, significant decreases in adipose and liver weights, concentrations of plasma total, VLDL, and LDL cholesterol, and hepatic lipids were shown.

Dietary hydroxypropyl methylcellulose increases excretion of saturated and trans fats by hamsters fed fast food diets.

In animal studies, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) intake results in increased fecal fat excretion; however, the effects on dietary saturated fatty acids (SATs) and trans-fatty acids (TRANS) remain unknown. This study investigated the effect of HPMC on digestion and absorption of lipids in male Golden Syrian hamsters fed either freeze-dried ground pizza (PZ), pound cake (PC), or hamburger and fries (BF) supplemented with dietary fiber from either HPMC or microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) for 3 weeks. We observed greater excretion of SATs and TRANS by both diets supplemented with HPMC or MCC as compared to the feed.

Effects of cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose on glucose metabolism and obesity in a diet-induced obesity mouse model.

Background: To investigate the effect of a new soluble fiber, namely cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose (cHEC), on weight loss and metabolic disorders associated with obesity using a high-fat diet-induced obese mouse model.

Methods: Obese male C57BL/6J (B6) mice were fed high-fat (60% kcal) diets supplemented with cHEC for 5 weeks. Body weight, energy intake, mesenteric adipose and liver weights, plasma cholesterol, plasma insulin, glucose, adiponectin, and leptin were assessed to determine the effects of cHEC.

Effect of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose on obesity and glucose metabolism in a diet-induced obesity mouse model.

Background: To investigate the effect of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) on weight loss and metabolic disorders associated with obesity using a high-fat diet-induced obese mouse model under a high-fat diet regimen.

Methods:  Obese male C57BL/6J (B6) mice were fed either a high-fat (60% kcal), low-fat (10% kcal), or high-fat diet plus HPMC (4% and 8%) for 5 weeks. Body, mesenteric adipose, and liver weights were determined at the end of the study.

Determination of F2-isoprostanes in urine by online solid phase extraction coupled to liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.

F(2)-isoprostanes are a unique class of prostaglandin-like compounds formed in vivo, which have been established as biomarkers of oxidative stress. Accurate analysis has been challenging due to lack of specificity for the isoforms of isoprostanes and lengthy sample preparation procedures to enable trace quantitative analysis. A quantitative analytical method was developed for the determination of F(2)-isoprostanes in rat and hamster urine by online solid phase extraction (SPE) coupled with liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Hypocholesterolemic effects of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose are mediated by altered gene expression in hepatic bile and cholesterol pathways of male hamsters.

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), a semisynthetic, nonfermentable soluble dietary fiber, is not absorbed by the body, but its presence in the intestinal lumen increases fecal fat, sterol, and bile acid excretions and decreases intestinal cholesterol absorption, all of which may indirectly affect hepatic lipid metabolism. We measured the expression of hepatic genes involved in cholesterol, bile acid, and fatty acid metabolism in hamsters fed diets containing 39% of energy as fat and 5% of weight as HPMC or microcrystalline cellulose (control) for 4 wk. HPMC-fed hamsters gained significantly less body weight than the control group but did not differ in food intake.

Immunodepletion of high abundance proteins coupled on-line with reversed-phase liquid chromatography: a two-dimensional LC sample enrichment and fractionation technique for mammalian proteomics.

Proteomic analysis can be hampered by the large concentration distribution of proteins. Immunoaffinity techniques have been applied to selectively remove high abundant proteins (HAP's) from samples prior to analysis. Although immunodepletion of HAP's has been shown to enable greater detection of low abundance proteins, the resulting fractions are often diluted 5-10-fold during the process.

Cross species applicability of abundant protein depletion columns for ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase.

In plants, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) is an important enzyme in the Calvin cycle, catalyzing the first step of carbon fixation. Because of its critical role in photosynthesis, RuBisCO comprises 30-60% of the total protein content in green leaf tissue and represents a major protein which can interfere with determination of lower abundance proteins in plant proteomics. A potential solution to aid in the determination of low level proteins in plant proteomics are RuBisCO immunodepletion columns.

Development of a headspace gas chromatography method to determine residual aliphatic amines in oligonucleotides.

A headspace gas chromatographic method has been developed for analysis of aliphatic amines in oligonucleotides. The linearity was improved by including ammonia in the sample vials. Also, carryover of longer chain primary amines, hexylamine and octylamine, was substantially reduced by cleaning the injection syringe with ammonia and water vapor between sample injections.