Rising to "The Highest Morals"-The Rich History of Nursing Ethics.

Modern nursing is supported by a rich ethical tradition dating back to the mid-19th century. Moving illustrations of nursing practice and "the highest morals" (McIsaac, 1901) relay the distinguished history and distinctives of nursing ethics from the 1860s to the present day. Of note is that nursing ethics is relationally focused, virtue-based, preventative, and central to the identity of nursing.

Evangelism in Patient Care: An Ethical Analysis.

Evangelism has been present in modern nursing care from the days of Nightingale in the Crimea. Even so, there is little in the way of ethical analysis and guidance regarding evangelism in healthcare. This article examines Nightingale's concern about evangelism in nursing care; discusses the boundaries established by the 2015 American Nurses Association Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements; and analyzes ethical issues including vocation, power, vulnerability and voluntariness, religious diversity, spiritual care, harm, and the Great Commission.

Faith and Ethics, Covenant and Code: The 2015 Revision of the ANA Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements.

How does and should the American Nurses Association Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements, with foundations from the late 1800s, impact today's nursing practice? How can the Code help you? The earlier 2001 Code was revised and became effective January 2015. The nine provisions received modest revision, as did the corresponding interpretive statements. However, Provisions 8 and 9 and their interpretive statements received more substantial revision.

Why the history of nursing ethics matters.

Modern American nursing has an extensive ethical heritage literature that extends from the 1870s to 1965 when the American Nurses Association issued a policy paper that called for moving nursing education out of hospital diploma programs and into colleges and universities. One consequence of this move was the dispersion of nursing libraries and the loss of nursing ethics textbooks, as they were largely not brought over into the college libraries. In addition to approximately 100 nursing ethics textbooks, the nursing ethics heritage literature also includes hundreds of journal articles that are often made less accessible in modern databases that concentrate on the past 20 or 30 years.

'Unladylike Commotion': Early feminism and nursing's role in gender/trans dialogue.

From nursing's history comes the impetus and grounding for our current voice in gender/trans dialogue. Modern nursing struggled its way into being against restrictive, unjust, and oppressive social structures. Many of the obstructions and constraints that nurses and nursing leaders faced were shared by the general populace of women, and yet nurses were different from other women.