Phylogenomics yields new systematic and taxonomical insights for Lissotriton newts, a genus with a strong legacy of introgressive hybridization.

The ease with which genome-wide data can nowadays be collected allows complicated phylogenetic questions to be re-evaluated. Phylogenetic relationships among newts have often proven difficult to resolve due to the prevalence of incomplete lineage sorting and introgressive hybridization. For the newt genus Lissotriton, phylogenetic relationships are not settled and there is controversy surrounding the species status of several taxa.

Local Structure in Crystalline, Glass and Melt States of a Hybrid Metal Halide Perovskite.

The pursuit of structure-property relationships in crystalline metal halide perovskites (MHPs) has yielded an unprecedented combination of advantageous characteristics for wide-ranging optoelectronic applications. While crystalline MHP structures are readily accessible through diffraction-based structure refinements, providing a clear view of associated long-range ordering, the local structures in more recently discovered glassy MHP states remain unexplored. Herein, we utilize a combination of Raman spectroscopy, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) and pair distribution function (PDF) analysis to investigate the coordination environment in crystalline, glass and melt states of the 2D MHP [(S)-(-)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethylammonium]PbBr.

Molecular characterisation of Mycoplasma bovis isolates from consecutive episodes of respiratory disease on Dutch veal farms.

Mycoplasma bovis infections are wide spread in veal calf farms and a major contributor to respiratory disease. M. bovis are genetically diverse.

Improvement in paediatric CT use and justification: a single-centre experience.

Objectives: To analyse changes in the use of paediatric (≤16 years) CT over the past decade and to evaluate the appropriateness of CT examinations at a tertiary teaching hospital.

Methods: Data from 290 paediatric CTs were prospectively collected in 2022 and compared with data from 2017 (358 cases) and 2012 (538 cases). The justification of CTs was evaluated with regard to medical imaging referral guidelines and appropriateness rates were calculated.

Low-cost, rapid and reliable DNA extraction from mammalian organoids using a toolbox.

High-quality DNA extraction from organoids is an important step in molecular genetics research. Here, we show that a lysis buffer from the field of research, called Single Worm Lysis Buffer (SWLB), is a low-cost, yet reliable method for DNA extraction from mammalian organoids. SWLB is superior in terms of price, storage, hands-on time and sustainability compared to current standardized DNA extraction protocols, while equally effective.

eIF4E orchestrates mRNA processing, RNA export and translation to modify specific protein production.

The eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF4E acts as a multifunctional factor that simultaneously influences mRNA processing, export, and translation in many organisms. Its multifactorial effects are derived from its capacity to bind to the methyl-7-guanosine cap on the 5'end of mRNAs and thus can act as a cap chaperone for transcripts in the nucleus and cytoplasm. In this review, we describe the multifactorial roles of eIF4E in major mRNA-processing events including capping, splicing, cleavage and polyadenylation, nuclear export and translation.

Detecting abnormal cell behaviors from dry mass time series.

The prediction of pathological changes on single cell behaviour is a challenging task for deep learning models. Indeed, in self-supervised learning methods, no prior labels are used for the training and all of the information for event predictions are extracted from the data themselves. We present here a novel self-supervised learning model for the detection of anomalies in a given cell population, StArDusTS.

Effect of Antisolvent Additives in Aqueous Zinc Sulfate Electrolytes for Zinc Metal Anodes: The Case of Acetonitrile.

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) employing zinc metal anodes are gaining traction as batteries for moderate to long duration energy storage at scale. However, corrosion of the zinc metal anode through reaction with water limits battery efficiency. Much research in the past few years has focused on additives that decrease hydrogen evolution, but the precise mechanisms by which this takes place are often understudied and remain unclear.

Understanding the Surprising Ionic Conductivity Maximum in Zn(TFSI) Water/Acetonitrile Mixture Electrolytes.

Aqueous electrolytes composed of 0.1 M zinc bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (Zn(TFSI)) and acetonitrile (ACN) were studied using combined experimental and simulation techniques. The electrolyte was found to be electrochemically stable when the ACN V% is higher than 74.

An In-House ELISA for Treponema Antibodies in Bulk Milk as Part of a Monitoring Tool for Claw Health in Dairy Herds.

Digital dermatitis (DD) is a painful inflammation at the coronary band of the claws, a major cause of lameness in cattle and associated with infections with several spp. Clinical inspection of the feet is the best way to diagnose DD, but this is laborious and stressful for cattle. A simple diagnostic tool was developed to monitor DD prevalence at the herd level.

Approximation of modal wavenumbers and group speeds in an oceanic waveguide using a neural network.

Underwater acoustic propagation is influenced not only by the property of the water column, but also by the seabed property. Modeling this propagation using normal mode simulation can be computationally intensive, especially for wideband signals. To address this challenge, a Deep Neural Network is used to predict modal horizontal wavenumbers and group velocities.

Interplay between calcium and sarcomeres directs cardiomyocyte maturation during regeneration.

Zebrafish hearts can regenerate by replacing damaged tissue with new cardiomyocytes. Although the steps leading up to the proliferation of surviving cardiomyocytes have been extensively studied, little is known about the mechanisms that control proliferation and redifferentiation to a mature state. We found that the cardiac dyad, a structure that regulates calcium handling and excitation-contraction coupling, played a key role in the redifferentiation process.

The eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF4E reprograms alternative splicing.

Aberrant splicing is typically attributed to splice-factor (SF) mutation and contributes to malignancies including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here, we discovered a mutation-independent means to extensively reprogram alternative splicing (AS). We showed that the dysregulated expression of eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF4E elevated selective splice-factor production, thereby impacting multiple spliceosome complexes, including factors mutated in AML such as SF3B1 and U2AF1.

The nocturnal life of the great scallops (Pecten maximus, L.): First description of their natural daily valve opening cycle.

Valvometry techniques used to monitor bivalve gaping activity have elucidated numerous relationships with environmental fluctuations, along with biological rhythms ranging from sub-daily to seasonal. Thus, a precise understanding of the natural activity of bivalves (i.e.

The human RNA polymerase I structure reveals an HMG-like docking domain specific to metazoans.

Transcription of the ribosomal RNA precursor by RNA polymerase (Pol) I is a major determinant of cellular growth, and dysregulation is observed in many cancer types. Here, we present the purification of human Pol I from cells carrying a genomic GFP fusion on the largest subunit allowing the structural and functional analysis of the enzyme across species. In contrast to yeast, human Pol I carries a single-subunit stalk, and in vitro transcription indicates a reduced proofreading activity.

Ribosomal DNA promoter recognition is determined in vivo by cooperation between UBTF1 and SL1 and is compromised in the UBTF-E210K neuroregression syndrome.

Transcription of the ~200 mouse and human ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA) by RNA Polymerase I (RPI/PolR1) accounts for 80% of total cellular RNA, around 35% of all nuclear RNA synthesis, and determines the cytoplasmic ribosome complement. It is therefore a major factor controlling cell growth and its misfunction has been implicated in hypertrophic and developmental disorders. Activation of each rDNA repeat requires nucleosome replacement by the architectural multi-HMGbox factor UBTF to create a 15.

The Cap-Binding Complex CBC and the Eukaryotic Translation Factor eIF4E: Co-Conspirators in Cap-Dependent RNA Maturation and Translation.

The translation of RNA into protein is a dynamic process which is heavily regulated during normal cell physiology and can be dysregulated in human malignancies. Its dysregulation can impact selected groups of RNAs, modifying protein levels independently of transcription. Integral to their suitability for translation, RNAs undergo a series of maturation steps including the addition of the mG cap on the 5' end of RNAs, splicing, as well as cleavage and polyadenylation (CPA).

Why Test Purchased Cattle in BVDV Control Programs?

Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is controlled in many countries by detection and culling of persistently infected (PI) animals. The most important risk factor for BVDV introduction is purchase. An introduced cow can be PI and transmit the virus to other cattle in the herd.

Sustained expression of inflammatory monocytes and activated T cells in COVID-19 patients and recovered convalescent plasma donors.

Introduction: Intense monocyte activation and infiltration into the target tissues are the main mechanisms of lung injury in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. A reduction in the degree and nature of such cellular responses is expected following recovery. We aimed to investigate the immune responses in moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and recovered patients.

Multiplane deconvolution in underwater acoustics: Simultaneous estimations of source level and position.

In many acoustic imaging applications, conventional beamforming (CBF) cannot provide both accurate position and source level estimates simultaneously. Also, the CBF acoustic maps suffer from many artifacts due to the spreading of large point-spread-functions. An original CLEAN deconvolution procedure, including an additional plane containing out-of-plane interfering sources, is proposed here to achieve simultaneous localization, source level estimation, and de-noising.

Water-in-Salt LiTFSI Aqueous Electrolytes. 1. Liquid Structure from Combined Molecular Dynamics Simulation and Experimental Studies.

The concept of water-in-salt electrolytes was introduced recently, and these systems have been successfully applied to yield extended operation voltage and hence significantly improved energy density in aqueous Li-ion batteries. In the present work, results of X-ray scattering and Fourier-transform infrared spectra measurements over a wide range of temperatures and salt concentrations are reported for the LiTFSI (lithium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl)imide)-based water-in-salt electrolyte. Classical molecular dynamics simulations are validated against the experiments and used to gain additional information about the electrolyte structure.