MicroRNA 155, Factor XIII and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Coronary Heart Disease.

There is a rise in the number of individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in South Africa. Cardiovascular disease is among the macrovascular complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus and accounts for the high mortality rate in patients with T2DM. The disease is characterized by insulin resistance, hyperglycaemia, oxidative stress, inflammation, hypofibrinolysis and hypercoagulation.

Coagulopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Pathological Mechanisms and the Role of Factor XIII-A Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms.

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has quadrupled within three decades since 1980, affecting 422 million adults in 2016. It remains one of the most common noncommunicable chronic diseases and the underlying risk factor for cardiovascular diseases worldwide. There are different underlying mechanisms that play a role in the development of pathologies associated with the disease such as hyperglycaemia, oxidative stress, obesity, inflammation and hypercoagulation; each of which are interlinked.