Genome sequence of , identified in the United States.

is a parvovirus that was identified in the blood of four horses in the United States. Here, we report one genome from a horse in New York State. This genome may represent a new species within the genus .

Genomes of endangered great hammerhead and shortfin mako sharks reveal historic population declines and high levels of inbreeding in great hammerhead.

Despite increasing threats of extinction to Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays), whole genome-based conservation insights are lacking. Here, we present chromosome-level genome assemblies for the Critically Endangered great hammerhead () and the Endangered shortfin mako () sharks, with genetic diversity and historical demographic comparisons to other shark species. The great hammerhead exhibited low genetic variation, with 8.

High-Quality Reference Genome for an Arid-Adapted Mammal, the Banner-Tailed Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys spectabilis).

Kangaroo rats in the genus Dipodomys are found in a variety of habitat types in western North America, including deserts, arid and semiarid grasslands, and scrublands. Many Dipodomys species are experiencing strong population declines due to increasing habitat fragmentation, with two species listed as federally endangered in the United States. The precarious state of many Dipodomys populations, including those occupying extreme environments, make species of this genus valuable subjects for studying the impacts of habitat degradation and fragmentation on population genomic patterns and for characterizing the genomic bases of adaptation to harsh conditions.

Ileal inflammatory pseudotumor in adolescent male patient with prior Burkitt lymphoma: A challenging diagnosis.

Inflammatory pseudotumor is a rare benign mesenchymal pediatric neoplasm, that can mimic tumoral residue or relapse at metabolic imaging with nonspecific clinical presentation and difficult diagnosis. We present the case of a 14year old male patient with fever of unknown origin and large ileal mass, diagnosed with and treated for Burkitt lymphoma, who performed several 18-fluoro-deoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) scans, during and after first line chemotherapy, showing persistent and focal uptake, while ileal mass volume decreased dramatically and the patient was clinically asymptomatic. Histopathological analysis of residual ileal mass was suggestive for xanthomatous pseudotumor, a type of inflammatory pseudotumor.

Late-onset and long-lasting autoimmune neutropenia: an analysis from the Italian Neutropenia Registry.

Primary autoimmune neutropenia (pAN) is typified by onset in early infancy and a mild/moderate phenotype that resolves within 3 years of diagnosis. In contrast, secondary AN is classically an adult disease associated with malignancy, autoimmunity, immunodeficiency, viral infection, or drugs. This study describes a cohort of 79 children from the Italian Registry who, although resembling pAN, did not fully match the criteria for pAN because neutropenia either appeared after age 5 years (LO-Np) or lasted longer than 3 years (LL-Np).

An 1H NMR study of the cytarabine degradation in clinical conditions to avoid drug waste, decrease therapy costs and improve patient compliance in acute leukemia.

Cytarabine, the 4-amino-1-(β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-2(1H)-pyrimidinone, (ARA-C) is an antimetabolite cytidine analogue used worldwide as key drug in the management of leukaemia. As specified in the manufacturers' instructions, once the components-sterile water and cytarabine powder-are unpackaged and mixed, the solution begins to degrade after 6 hours at room temperature and 12 hours at 4°C. To evaluate how to avoid wasting the drug in short-term, low-dose treatment regimens, the reconstituted samples, stored at 25°C and 4°C, were analyzed every day of the test week by reversed-phase HPLC and high-field NMR spectroscopy.

The complete mitochondrial genome of an Atlantic Ocean Shortfin Mako Shark, .

We report the first complete mitochondrial genome of a shortfin mako shark from the Atlantic Ocean. The genome had 16,700 base pairs and contained 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes, and a non-coding D-loop. There were 81 individual differences compared to the published mitochondrial genome of a shortfin mako from the Pacific Ocean, with most variability found in protein coding genes, especially ND5, ND3, and ND1.

Atypical Dermatophytosis in 12 North American Porcupines () from the Northeastern United States 2010-2017.

Twelve wild North American porcupines () out of a total of 44 of this species examined in an 8-year period were diagnosed with dermatopathies while being cared for at two wildlife rehabilitation clinics. Biopsy and necropsy were performed on seven and five animals, respectively. Atypical dermatophytosis was diagnosed in all cases.

Single center experience on efficacy and safety of Aprepitant for preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma.

Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is a distressing treatment side-effect that could negatively affect children's quality of life (QoL). Different scoring systems for CINV were applied and different antiemetic drugs were used; however, few studies have been performed in children undergoing chemotherapy with Aprepitant. Herein, we report a pediatric experience on efficacy and safety of Aprepitant as part of triple antiemetic prophylaxis, in a cohort of thirty-two children and adolescents with Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL), treated with moderate/highly emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC/HEC) regimens in a single Hemato-Oncology Institution.

White shark genome reveals ancient elasmobranch adaptations associated with wound healing and the maintenance of genome stability.

The white shark (; Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii) is one of the most publicly recognized marine animals. Here we report the genome sequence of the white shark and comparative evolutionary genomic analyses to the chondrichthyans, whale shark (Elasmobranchii) and elephant shark (Holocephali), as well as various vertebrates. The 4.

Fasting insulin resistance affects the prevalence of metabolically healthy obesity in Brazilian adolescents.

Aim: We aimed to assess the influence of fasting insulin resistance on metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) prevalence in adolescents and to identify associated factors.

Methods: This retrospective, registry-based, cross-sectional study included 418 (51.9% girls) 10- to 18-year-old adolescents with obesity from a tertiary outpatient clinic in Sao Paulo, Brazil, between 2009 and 2013.

Idiopathic neutropenia of infancy: Data from the Italian Neutropenia Registry.

Autoimmune neutropenia of infancy (AIN) is characterized by low risk of severe infection, tendency to spontaneously resolve and typically onset at ≤4-5 years of age; it is due to auto-antibodies whose detection is often difficult. In case of negativity of 4 antineutrophils autoantibody tests, after having excluded ethnic, postinfection, drug induced, or congenital neutropenia, according to the Italian guidelines the patients will be defined as affected by "idiopathic neutropenia" (IN). We describe the characteristics of 85 IN patients enrolled in the Italian neutropenia registry: they were compared with 336 children affected by AIN.

The complete mitochondrial genome of the endangered great hammerhead shark, .

We present the first mitochondrial genome sequence of the great hammerhead shark, . This species is of considerable conservation concern throughout its global distribution, and currently listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List. The mitochondrial genome is 16,719 bp in length with 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes and a non-coding control region.

Comparative transcriptomics of elasmobranchs and teleosts highlight important processes in adaptive immunity and regional endothermy.

Background: Comparative genomic and/or transcriptomic analyses involving elasmobranchs remain limited, with genome level comparisons of the elasmobranch immune system to that of higher vertebrates, non-existent. This paper reports a comparative RNA-seq analysis of heart tissue from seven species, including four elasmobranchs and three teleosts, focusing on immunity, but concomitantly seeking to identify genetic similarities shared by the two lamnid sharks and the single billfish in our study, which could be linked to convergent evolution of regional endothermy.

Results: Across seven species, we identified an average of 10,877 Swiss-Prot annotated genes from an average of 32,474 open reading frames within each species' heart transcriptome.

Mitochondrial genome of an Atlantic white shark ().

Here we report the first full mitochondrial genome sequence for a white shark caught in the Atlantic Ocean. The mitochondrial genome is 16,745 bp in length and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, and a non-coding control region. The base composition of this mtDNA lineage is A: 30.

Laser capture microdissection microscopy and genome sequencing of the avian malaria parasite, Plasmodium relictum.

Acquiring genomic material from avian malaria parasites for genome sequencing has proven problematic due to the nucleation of avian erythrocytes, which produces a large ratio of host to parasite DNA (∼1 million to 1 bp). We tested the ability of laser capture microdissection microscopy to isolate parasite cells from individual avian erythrocytes for four avian Plasmodium species, and subsequently applied whole genome amplification and Illumina sequencing methods to Plasmodium relictum (lineage pSGS1) to produce sequence reads of the P. relictum genome.

Acute Strongyloides venezuelensis infection did not prevent EAE development: implications for hygiene hypothesis.

Prevalence of allergic and autoimmune pathologies is clearly increasing in developed countries. This has been attributed to a decreased exposure to certain microorganisms and been referred as hygiene hypothesis. In this study we evaluated if a previous infection with Strongyloides venezuelensis would alter the progression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in Lewis rats.

Somatic, hematologic phenotype, long-term outcome, and effect of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. An analysis of 97 Fanconi anemia patients from the Italian national database on behalf of the Marrow Failure Study Group of the AIEOP (Italian Association of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology).

We analyzed 97 Fanconi anemia patients from a clinic/biological database for genotype, somatic, and hematologic phenotype, adverse hematological events, solid tumors, and treatment. Seventy-two patients belonged to complementation group A. Eighty percent of patients presented with mild/moderate somatic phenotype and most with cytopenia.

Identification of point mutations and large intragenic deletions in Fanconi anemia using next-generation sequencing technology.

Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare bone marrow failure disorder characterized by clinical and genetic heterogeneity with at least 17 genes involved, which make molecular diagnosis complex and time-consuming. Since next-generation sequencing technologies could greatly improve the genetic testing in FA, we sequenced DNA samples with known and unknown mutant alleles using the Ion PGM (™) system (IPGM). The molecular target of 74.

Air Toxics Under the Big Sky: Examining the Effectiveness of Authentic Scientific Research on High School Students' Science Skills and Interest.

is an environmental science outreach/education program that incorporates the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) 8 Practices with the goal of promoting knowledge and understanding of authentic scientific research in high school classrooms through air quality research. A quasi-experimental design was used in order to understand: 1) and 2) . Treatment students received instruction related to air pollution (airborne particulate matter), associated health concerns, and training on how to operate air quality testing equipment.

Diagnosis and management of acquired aplastic anemia in childhood. Guidelines from the Marrow Failure Study Group of the Pediatric Haemato-Oncology Italian Association (AIEOP).

Acquired aplastic anemia (AA) is a rare heterogeneous disease characterized by pancytopenia and hypoplastic bone marrow. The incidence is 2-3/million inhabitants/year, in Europe, but higher in East Asia. Survival in severe aplastic anemia (SAA) has markedly improved in the past 2 decades because of advances in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, immunosuppressive and biologic drugs, and supportive care.

Comparative analysis of active retrotransposons in the transcriptomes of three species of heteromyid rodents.

Virtually every eukaryotic genome is replete with transposable elements (TEs). TE activity, or lack thereof, is of considerable evolutionary interest as TE insertions actively drive genome evolution by altering gene expression and/or function through different mechanisms. Herein, we take a comparative approach to better understand the variation in TE transcriptional activity.

Evaluation of heavy metals, cytotoxicity, and antioxidant activity of tomatoes grown in toxic muddy soils.

This research studies tomatoes grown in polluted soils to ascertain their phytochemical and nutritive features. Pulp and seeds from tomatoes grown in muddy soils were analyzed for their antioxidant power and their toxicity because of the possibility that heavy metals were present in the soils. An antioxidant assay on methanol extracts was made by using DDPH, while an ABTS [2,2'-Azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)] assay was used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of lipophilic fractions.