Cardiometabolic Characteristics of Obesity Phenotypes in Persons With HIV.

Background: In the general population, it is established that adipose tissue depots pose various risks for cardiometabolic diseases. The interaction among obesity, HIV, and antiretroviral treatment promotes even greater risk for persons with HIV (PWH). As obesity is a heterogeneous condition, determining the specific obesity phenotypes present and their characteristics is critical to personalize care in PWH.

The Emerging Diverse Radiology Workplace: Case Studies on the Importance of Inclusion in Radiology Training Programs.

Radiology remains one of the least diverse fields in medicine. With increasing understanding of the benefits of workforce diversity on health care outcomes, radiology society leadership and radiologists are engaging in necessary efforts to improve diversity, equity, and inclusion. To date, much of the initiatives have focused on pipeline development and recruitment strategies.

External Validation of a Clinical Score for Patients With Neuroendocrine Tumors Under Consideration for Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy.

Importance: Despite the benefit of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) for patients with well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (WD NETs), no clinical metric to anticipate benefit from the therapy for individual patients has been previously defined.

Objective: To assess whether the prognostic ability of the clinical score (CS) could be validated in an external cohort of patients with WD NETs.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This multicenter cohort study's analysis included patients with WD NETs who were under consideration for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with lutetium-177 (177Lu)-dotatate between March 1, 2016, and March 17, 2020.

Historically Black Schools of Medicine Radiology Residency Programs: Contributions and Lessons Learned.

Introduction: Black radiologists remain significantly underrepresented in the radiology workforce, despite a 1973 plea by Black radiologists of the National Medical Association to increase training programs for minority radiologists.

Objective: The authors provide a qualitative narrative that highlights the radiology residency programs of three historically Black schools of medicine (HBSOM) in the U.S.

A clinical score for neuroendocrine tumor patients under consideration for Lu-177-DOTATATE therapy.

We developed a clinical score (CS) at Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center (VICC) that we hoped would predict outcomes for patients with progressive well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) receiving therapy with Lutetium-177 (177Lu)-DOTATATE. Patients under consideration for 177Lu-DOTATATE between March 1, 2016 and March 17, 2020 at VICC were assigned a CS prospectively. The CS included 5 categories: available treatments for tumor type outside of 177Lu-DOTATATE, prior systemic treatments, patient symptoms, tumor burden in critical organs and presence of peritoneal carcinomatosis.

Design, Implementation, and Evaluation of a Diversity Program for Radiology.

Rationale And Objectives: Diagnostic radiology training programs are less diverse than graduating US medical school classes and the patient populations they serve. Inclusion of physicians who are underrepresented minorities in medicine (URMM) can strengthen the profession and help to meet the needs of an increasingly diverse population. Our Department of Radiology developed and implemented a plan to increase the number of URMMs in our residency applicant pool and residency training program.

ACR Practice Parameter for the Performance of Gallium-68 DOTATATE PET/CT for Neuroendocrine Tumors.

Radiopharmaceuticals targeting cell surface expression of somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) are particularly useful in the evaluation of neuroendocrine tumors. Gallium-68 DOTA-Tyr-octreotatate (Ga-DOTATATE) primarily binds to SSTR type 2 receptors. Ga DOTATATE PET/CT is proven to have high impact on the management of neuroendocrine patients compared to traditional anatomical imaging as well as provides additional information over that of conventional nuclear medicine studies (indium-III DTPA-octreotide).

SPECT/CT Assessment of Infected Intracardiac Devices With and Without Attenuation Correction.

Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) provide the ability to maintain cardiac output and sustain life as a bridge to transplantation, definitive therapy, or a permanent decision. We present a case of LVAD drive infection that was differentiated from pump infection by the use of attenuation-corrected and non-attenuation-corrected CT, along with correlation with the planar images. Clinically, the patient was suspected of having infection; however, the clinician did not know which components of the device were involved.

Increased renal cyst density on abdominal CT at 100-kVp compared with 120-kVp: a preliminary evaluation.

Objective: To compare the radiographic density of renal cysts on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scans performed at tube voltages of 100 versus 120 kVp.

Methods: Thirty-six renal cysts from contrast-enhanced CT performed on 21 subjects at both 120 kVp and 100 kVp were compared by Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistical testing.

Results: The radiographic density (mean+/-standard deviation in Hounsfield units) of cysts was greater on 100-kVp than on 120-kVp CT scans for both 5-mm and 2-mm reconstructed slice thicknesses: 16.

Improved performance of SPECT-CT In-111 capromab pendetide by correlation with diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for identifying metastatic pelvic lymphadenopathy in prostate cancer.

Purpose: To preliminarily evaluate the potential for an improvement in diagnostic performance by a combined interpretation of In-111 capromab pendetide single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) including computed tomography (CT) image fusion with magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging (MR-DWI) for identifying prostate cancer in pelvic lymph nodes thru correlation with histopathology.

Materials And Methods: This institutional approved, retrospective study identified patients with available histopathology of lymph nodes removed at the time of radical prostatectomy and who had undergone staging with In-111 capromab pendetide SPECT-CT and/or pelvic MRI (including DWI). The performance of In-111 capromab pendetide SPECT for identifying malignant lymph nodes was assessed.

Simulation study of a quasi-monochromatic beam for x-ray computed mammotomography.

The purpose of this simulation study was to evaluate the feasibility, benefits, and potential operating parameters of a quasi-monochromatic beam from a tungsten-target x-ray source yielding projection images. The application is intended for newly developed cone beam computed mammotomography (CmT) of an uncompressed breast. The value of a near monochromatic x-ray source for a fully 3D CmT application is the expected improved ability to separate tissues with very small differences in attenuation coefficients.