Direct LDL-C estimation in preschoolers: Practicable first step for FH screening.

Background: Individuals with FH develop cardiovascular disease due to lifelong cumulative exposure to elevated LDL-C. Effective screening for FH is not yet established.

Objective: To evaluate the practicability of a FH screening by measuring directly the LDL-C in preschoolers.

SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence in Preschool and School-Age Children—Population Screening Findings From January 2020 to June 2022.

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is ongoing in Germany. Children and adolescents are increasingly being infected, and many cases presumably remain undetected and unreported. Sero-epidemiological studies can help estimate the true number of infections.

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children: Better Transplant Outcomes After Total Body Irradiation-based Conditioning.

Background/aim: Comparison of transplant outcomes in long-term follow-up of children after total body irradiation (TBI)- or chemotherapy-based conditioning allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT).

Patients And Methods: Patients undergoing allo-HCT for Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) conditioned either with TBI (n=55) or chemotherapy (n=84) were compared. The following transplant outcomes were analyzed: overall survival (OS), event-free survival (EFS), relapse incidence (RI), and graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD)-free-relapse-free survival (GRFS).

New approach for detection of LDL-hypercholesterolemia in the pediatric population: The Fr1dolin-Trial in Lower Saxony, Germany.

Background And Aims: Lipid disorders are often detected very late, particularly in affected young children. We evaluated the feasibility of a screening for LDL-hypercholesterolemia (highLDL) among toddlers and preschoolers.

Methods: Population-based screening has been offered to all children (2-6 years) living in the State of Lower Saxony, Germany, with capillary blood sampling for detection of elevated LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C ≥ 135 mg/dL).

In vivo ultrasound measurement of posterior femoral glide during hip joint mobilization in healthy college students.

Study Design: Descriptive study.

Objectives: To measure femoral translational glide in vivo during posterior hip joint mobilization and to interpret data in the context of the normal arthrokinematic glide necessary for hip flexion.

Background: Joint play, or translational glide available at a joint, is largely influenced by the geometry of the articular surfaces.

Temporomandibular disorders: a report of 124 patients.

Aim: This study aims to present both the features of 124 consecutive patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and the results of a reversible, conservative, and low-tech treatment.

Methods And Materials: One hundred fifty-eight records of consecutive patients treated in School of Dentistry at the Univag-University Center in Várzea Grande-MT, Brazil, 124 of whom were considered TMD patients, were examined. The following data were obtained: gender, age, main complaint, diagnosis, co-morbidities, type of treatment performed, and treatment results.

Fire and grazing in a mesic tallgrass prairie: impacts on plant species and functional traits.

Fire is a globally distributed disturbance that impacts terrestrial ecosystems and has been proposed to be a global "herbivore." Fire, like herbivory, is a top-down driver that converts organic materials into inorganic products, alters community structure, and acts as an evolutionary agent. Though grazing and fire may have some comparable effects in grasslands, they do not have similar impacts on species composition and community structure.

Constraints on host use by a parasitic plant.

Consumers do not always utilize all suitable hosts. Understanding why parasitic plants do not always parasitize potentially suitable hosts requires a better understanding of the constraints that limit host use by parasitic plants. In Texas salt marshes, the parasitic plant Cuscuta indecora rarely parasitizes three hosts that support vigorous growth in the greenhouse.

Results of humeral stump angulation osteotomy.

Between 1972 and 1989 angulation osteotomy was performed on 61 patients with long humeral stumps at the Orthopaedic Hospital of Heidelberg University. Marquardt's surgical technique was used to improve function in patients who had undergone above-elbow amputation and in children with a risk of terminal osseous overgrowth. Thirty-one patients with 43 angulation osteotomies were followed up.

Improved training techniques and UltraBag system resulted in lowered peritonitis rate in an inner-city population.

Fifteen continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients from our dialysis unit were studied while using two different types of exchange systems: a snap-disconnect Y-set system and the Baxter UltraBag system. The incidence of peritonitis in the snap-disconnect Y-system was found to be 32 cases in 187 months, or a rate of 1 case of peritonitis every 5.8 months.

The stump capping procedure to prevent or treat terminal osseous overgrowth.

Terminal overgrowth in transverse deficiencies and in amputations, particularly of the humerus and tibia necessitate serial trimming procedures or re-amputation. Capping using an autogenous bone graft or a titanium and polyethylene endoprosthetic cap provides a satisfactory way of avoiding these re-amputations and allowing end-bearing.

Thrombocytopenia and absent radius (TAR) syndrome.

We give details of seven children with the TAR syndrome, Thrombocytopenia with absence of the radius. Two of the children were siblings. The TAR syndrome is characterised by hypomegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia and bilateral absence of the radius.

[Surgical therapy of severe knee flexion and hip flexion contractures in caudal regression syndrome].

In severe cases of caudal-regression syndrome one usually can find hip-flexion and knee-flexion-contractures, which can hardly be treated. We report about a new possibility of operative treatment. In this case we correct the contractures with a shortening of the proximal part of the femur and with a resection-arthrodesis of the knee-joint.

Prediction of intravenous theophylline dosage based on a single, nonsteady-state concentration: a clinical study of childhood status asthmaticus.

A pharmacokinetic model was applied to achieve therapeutic serum theophylline concentrations rapidly in 25 children with status asthmaticus. A sustained release theophylline preparation had been taken within 36 hours by 12 children; within 14 hours, seven had taken an immediate release preparation; for six children, no theophylline was taken before hospital admission. Single serum theophylline concentrations were determined at nonsteady-state conditions within 13.

[Limb defects of the lower extremity and their surgical treatment in cooperation with orthopedic technics].

Longitudinal defects of the tibia and very often also those of the fibula and femur, as well as constriction bands and certain transverse defects require both surgery as well as prostheses, orthotic devices, or so-called orthoprostheses in order to achieve an optimal therapeutic result. Examples are given of the most important surgical procedures and prostheses etc.