The potential of mitochondrially-targeted tetrapeptide in protecting against noise-induced hearing impairment.

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) constitutes a significant global health issue for which there is no effective treatment. The loss of cochlear hair cells and associated synaptopathy are common causes of hearing impairment. One primary mechanism implicated in NIHL is the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which ultimately overwhelms cochlear cells.

Numerical Simulations for Calibration Setup for Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography Imaging Protocol.

This study presents an investigation of an innovative microfluidic flow separator using both numerical and experimental approaches to calibrate contrast-enhanced ultrasound scanners. Numerical simulations were conducted using Lagrangian particles tracking and passive scalar transport methodologies using the OpenFOAM software. The experimental validation confirmed the accuracy of the numerical simulations, particularly at an imposed total pressure of , showing an excellent agreement in particle distributions.

Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: The LYSA pragmatic guidelines.

Classic Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a distinct entity among hematological malignancies of B-cell origin. It is characterized by its unique histopathological features and generally favorable prognosis. Over the years, advancements in understanding its pathogenesis, coupled with refined diagnostic and evaluation modalities, as well as therapeutic strategies, have significantly transformed the landscape of HL management.

Modeling NK-cell lymphoma in mice reveals its cell-of-origin and microenvironmental changes and identifies therapeutic targets.

Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL) is an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related neoplasm preferentially involving the upper aerodigestive tract. Here we show that NK-cell-specific Trp53 disruption in mice leads to the development of NK-cell lymphomas after long latency, which involve not only the hematopoietic system but also the salivary glands. Before tumor onset, Trp53 knockout causes extensive gene expression changes, resulting in immature NK-cell expansion, exclusively in the salivary glands.

Management of Cochlear Implant Electrode Arrays Misplaced in the Internal Auditory Canal: A Systematic Review.

Objective: Misplacement of electrode arrays in the internal auditory canal (IAC) presents a unique clinical challenge. Speech recognition is limited for cochlear implant (CI) users with misplaced arrays, and there are risks with revision surgery including facial and/or cochlear nerve injury.

Databases Reviewed: PubMed, Embase, and Scopus.

A Reproducible Peritonsillar Abscess Incision and Drainage Model for Junior Trainees.

Objectives: To describe the design and construction of a reproducible, low-cost, peritonsillar abscess (PTA) incision and drainage simulator and assess its impact on trainees' confidence.

Methods: The 2-part simulator we developed consisted of a manikin head with a fixed, partially open mouth and a modular PTA mold. The mold is created by injecting a lotion and water mixture into plastic bubbles, followed by silicone solidification.

Comprehensive Genetic Profiling Reveals Frequent Alterations of Driver Genes on the X Chromosome in Extranodal NK/T-cell Lymphoma.

Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL) is an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related neoplasm with male dominance and a poor prognosis. A better understanding of the genetic alterations and their functional roles in ENKTCL could help improve patient stratification and treatments. In this study, we performed a comprehensive genetic analysis of 178 ENKTCL cases to delineate the landscape of mutations, copy number alterations (CNA), and structural variations, identifying 34 driver genes including six previously unappreciated ones, namely, HLA-B, HLA-C, ROBO1, CD58, POT1, and MAP2K1.

Assessment of Psychological Implications and Quality of Life After Different Cardiac Device Implantation in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Cardiac device therapy is likely to affect different aspects of patients' psychological well-being, such as their quality of life. The aim of this study was to examine the mental health status, specifically the conditions of depression and anxiety regarding implantable cardiac device patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted in January 2022.

Genomic Biomarker Discovery in Disease Progression and Therapy Response in Bladder Cancer Utilizing Machine Learning.

Cancer in all its forms of expression is a major cause of death. To identify the genomic reason behind cancer, discovery of biomarkers is needed. In this paper, genomic data of bladder cancer are examined for the purpose of biomarker discovery.

Genetically determined thymic function affects strength and duration of immune response in COVID patients with pneumonia.

Thymic activation improves the outcome of COVID-19 patients with severe pneumonia. The genetic polymorphism within the locus, which affects thymic output in healthy individuals, was found here to modify SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity and disease severity in COVID-19 patients with severe pneumonia. Forty patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia were investigated.

Public perception of common cancer misconceptions: A nationwide cross-sectional survey and analysis of over 3500 participants in Saudi Arabia.

Purpose/background: Patients and healthcare providers use online health information and social media (SM) platforms to seek medical information. As the incidence of cancer rises, the popularity of SM platforms has yielded widespread dissemination of incorrect or misleading information about it. In this study, we aimed to assess public knowledge about incorrect cancer information and how they perceive such information in Saudi Arabia.

Effect of Photobiomodulation on the Depth of Local Anesthesia during Endodontic Treatment of Teeth with Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis.

Aim: To determine whether photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy could increase the depth of analgesia during endodontic therapy of teeth affected with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis.

Materials And Methods: Forty-nine patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis were randomized into two groups. In the laser group, before administering anesthesia, the lower molars' crowns were continuously treated with a diode laser (980 nm) for 20 s with a low-level laser tip in the buccal aspect close to the gingival margin.

Functional Brain Regions Linked to Tinnitus Pathology and Compensation During Task Performance: A Systematic Review.

Objective: To systematically search the literature and organize relevant advancements in the connection between tinnitus and the activity of different functional brain regions using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

Data Sources: MEDLINE (OVID), EMBASE (OVID), CINAHL (EBSCO), Web of Science, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and PROSPERO from inception to April 2022.

Review Methods: Studies with adult human subjects who suffer from tinnitus and underwent fMRI to relate specific regions of interest to tinnitus pathology or compensation were included.

Tandem versus single haematopoietic stem cell transplant and BV maintenance in relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma: A matched cohort analysis from the LYSA.

Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (ASCT) is the standard curative treatment for patients with high-risk relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma (R/R HL). The AETHERA study showed survival gain with Brentuximab Vedotin (BV) maintenance after ASCT in BV-naive patients, which was recently confirmed in the retrospective AMAHRELIS cohort, including a majority of BV-exposed patients. However, this approach has not been compared to intensive tandem auto/auto or auto/allo transplant strategies, which were used before BV approval.

New calibration setup for quantitative DCE-US imaging protocol: Toward standardization.

Background: The DCE-US (Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography) imaging protocol predicts the vascular modifications compared with Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) based mainly on morphological changes. A quantitative biomarker has been validated through the DCE-US multi-centric study for early monitoring of the efficiency of anti-angiogenic cancer treatments. In this context, the question of transposing the use of this biomarker to other types of ultrasound scanners, probes and settings has arisen to maintain the follow-up of patients under anti-angiogenic treatments.

An Efficient Approach to Predict Eye Diseases from Symptoms Using Machine Learning and Ranker-Based Feature Selection Methods.

The eye is generally considered to be the most important sensory organ of humans. Diseases and other degenerative conditions of the eye are therefore of great concern as they affect the function of this vital organ. With proper early diagnosis by experts and with optimal use of medicines and surgical techniques, these diseases or conditions can in many cases be either cured or greatly mitigated.

Sinusitis and its association with deviated nasal septum at a tertiary hospital: A retrospective study.

Objectives: Sinusitis is common and deviated nasal septum (DNS) is a frequent anatomical variant in the paranasal sinuses (PNS). Whether DNS can cause sinusitis has been a subject of debate. This study determined the rate of sinusitis and its possible association with DNS and other factors in patients attending King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH).

Factors influencing quality of life in children with tracheostomy with emphasis on home care visits: a multi-centre investigation.

Objective: Only a few studies have assessed the quality of life in children with tracheostomies. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of life and the factors influencing it in these children.

Method: This cross-sectional, two-centre study was conducted on paediatric patients living in the community with a tracheostomy by using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory.

Preferences of different breast reduction techniques: Survey of board-certified plastic surgeons.

Background: Breast reduction is a common and safe procedure with predicted cosmetic outcomes. Many techniques have evolved over the recent decades.

Aims: The aim of this study is to determine what type of breast reduction techniques are currently preferred among board certificated Saudi plastic surgeons and assess the surgeons' satisfaction, surgeon-reported patient satisfaction, and complication rates post breast reduction with the preferred techniques.

Effectiveness and safety of immediate application of negative pressure wound therapy in head and neck free flap reconstruction: a systematic review.

To our knowledge this is the first systematic review of the immediate application of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) to the head and neck in free flap reconstruction. We conducted a systematic search of the PubMed and Cochrane databases in October 2021 using the MeSH terms 'negative pressure wound therapy', 'free flaps', 'microsurgery', and 'vacuum-assisted closure'. Included studies evaluated the use of immediate NPWT in head and neck free flap reconstruction.

Usher syndrome IIIA: a review of the disorder and preclinical research advances in therapeutic approaches.

Usher syndrome (USH) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by sensorineural hearing loss, progressive pigmentary retinopathy, and vestibular dysfunction. The degree and onset of hearing loss vary among subtypes I, II, and III, while blindness often occurs in the second to fourth decades of life. Usher type III (USH3), characterized by postlingual progressive sensorineural hearing loss, varying levels of vestibular dysfunction, and varying degrees of visual impairment, typically manifests in the first to second decades of life.