Comparison of Full-Field Digital Mammography with Synthesized Mammography from Tomosynthesis in a Diagnostic population: Prospective Study.

 Synthesized mammography (SM) refers to two-dimensional (2D) images derived from the digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) data. It can reduce the radiation dose and scan duration when compared with conventional full-field digital mammography (FFDM) plus tomosynthesis.  To compare the diagnostic performance of 2D FFDM with synthetic mammograms obtained from DBT in a diagnostic population.

Can quantitative perfusion CT-based biomarkers predict renal cell carcinoma subtypes?

Purpose: To assess diagnostic accuracy of perfusion CT (pCT) based biomarkers in differentiating clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) from non-ccRCC.

Materials And Method: This retrospective study comprised 95 patients with RCCs (70 ccRCCs and 25 non-ccRCCs) who had perfusion CT (pCT) before surgery between January 2017 and December 2022. Two readers independently recorded PCT parameters [blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), mean transit time (MTT), and time to peak (TTP)] by drawing a circular ROI on the tumor.

Computed tomography of the head with and without contrast in imaging focal and unknown epilepsy - A prospective observational study.

Purpose: Brain imaging is needed when investigating epilepsy. Imaging options available include MRI and CT scan which may be non-contrast (NCCT) or contrast-enhanced (CECT). The specific clinical question and probable epilepsy substrate in the epidemiological context and socioeconomic milieu are important in determining the choice of imaging.

Longitudinal analysis of growth and nutritional disparities across socio-demographics from early childhood to adolescence: Findings from the Indian cohort of the Young Lives Survey.

Objectives: Previous studies generally used cross-sectional data and focused on under-five children to assess the risk factors for malnutrition among Indian children. Some recent studies have reported that recovery from or faltering in malnutrition is possible after five years of age, but socio-demographic subgroup disparities have not been explored. This study aims to find the longitudinal disparity in height-for-age Z-scores (HAZ) and body-mass-index-for-age Z-scores (BMIAZ scores) across various sub-groups of a cohort from childhood to adolescence.

Revisiting Factors Influencing Under-Five Mortality in India: The Application of a Generalised Additive Cox Proportional Hazards Model.

Background: Despite the implementation of various preventive measures, India continues to experience an alarmingly high under-five mortality rate (U5MR). The most recent nationwide data on U5MRs has provided an opportunity to re-examine the associated factors of U5MRs using advanced techniques. This study attempted to identify the associated determinants of U5MRs via the generalised additive Cox proportional hazards method.

Molecular biomarkers involved in the progression of gallbladder inflammatory lesions to invasive cancer: A proteomic approach.

The progression of gallbladder inflammatory lesions to invasive cancer remains poorly understood, necessitating research on biomarkers involved in this transition. This study aims to identify and validate proteins associated with this progression, offering insights into potential diagnostic biomarkers for gallbladder cancer (GBC). Label-free liquid chromatography-assisted tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) proteomics was performed on samples from ten cases each of GBC and inflammatory lesions, with technical duplicates.

Short-term heart rate variability: A potential approach to frailty assessment in older adults.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate cardiac autonomic modulation using short-term heart rate variability (HRV) and compare it among frailty statuses in older Indian adults.

Methods: A total of 210 subjects aged 60 years and above were recruited into three groups: frail ( = 70), pre-frail ( = 70), and non-frail ( = 70) from the outpatient department of Geriatric Medicine at a tertiary care hospital in India. Frailty status was assessed using the Rockwood frailty index (FI) criteria.

In-silico optimization of resveratrol interaction with nano-borophene: A DFT-guided study of supramolecular artistry.

In this study, the potential of borophene (BOR) as a drug delivery system for resveratrol (RVT) was explored to evaluate its efficacy in cancer treatment. The excited, electronic, and geometric states of RVT, BOR, and the borophene-adsorbed resveratrol complex (BOR@RVT) were calculated to assess BOR's suitability as a drug carrier. Noncovalent interaction (NCI) plots indicated a weak force of attraction between BOR and RVT, which facilitates the offloading of RVT at the target site.

Exploring enantioselective recognition of dTMP-Co-bpe coordination polymer for natural amino acids using molecular simulations and circular dichroism.

The 1D homochiral coordination polymer (CP-1) {[Co(dTMP)(bpe)(HO)]·9HO} was constructed by using 2'-deoxy thymidine 5'-monophosphate disodium salt (dTMP·2Na), and auxiliary ligand bpe (1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethene) and characterized by single-crystal XRD, PXRD, IR, UV-visible, CD and TGA analyses. Molecular simulations revealed the selective chiral behaviour of CP-1 towards phenylalanine and histidine, as indicated by their higher binding free energies compared to other amino acids. Theoretical parameters were also compared with experimental UV-visible verdicts.

Long Term Impact of Adeno-tonsillectomy on Immunity Against Respiratory Viral Infections; Evidence Deduced During COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objectives: To evaluate the risk of acquiring COVID-19 infection in patients who have undergone adeno-tonsillectomy (AT) as compared to their siblings.

Methods: In this bidirectional cohort control study, 36 cohorts, younger than 18 y, who underwent AT, and 27 controls (siblings of the enrolled cohorts, younger than 18 y) were recruited. Incidence of COVID-19 was analyzed by symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 infection, COVID-19 testing, and SARS-CoV-2 specific antibody measurement.

Clinical and neuropsychological characterization of SuperAgers residing in Delhi and National Capital Region of India-A cross-sectional study.

Introduction: SuperAgers (SA) are older adults who exhibit cognitive capacities comparable to individuals who are three or more decades younger than them. The current study aimed to identify the characteristics of Indian SA by categorizing 55 older adults into SA and Typical Older Adults (TOA) and comparing their performance with a group of 50 younger participants (YP) (aged 25-50).

Methods: A total of 105 participants were recruited after obtaining informed written consent.

The evaluation of frequency and predictors of delirium and its short-term and long-term outcomes in hospitalized older adults'.

Background: Delirium is a common complication in hospitalized older adults with multifactorial etiology and poor health outcomes.

Aim: To determine the frequency and predictors of delirium and its short-term and long-term outcomes in hospitalized older adults.

Methods: A prospective observational study was performed in patients aged ≥60 years consecutively admitted to geriatric ward.

microRNAs in exhaled breath condensate for diagnosis of lung cancer in a resource-limited setting: a concise review.

Lung cancer is one of the common cancers globally with high mortality and poor prognosis. Most cases of lung cancer are diagnosed at an advanced stage due to limited diagnostic resources. Screening modalities, such as sputum cytology and annual chest radiographs, have not proved sensitive enough to impact mortality.

Role of high-dose methylprednisolone in Zargar Grade IIB corrosive esophageal burns: A randomized control study.

Objective: The objective of the study is to test the efficacy of high-dose methylprednisolone in the prevention of esophageal stricture after corrosive ingestion.

Methods: This study was a single-center, randomized controlled single-blinded study. Simple randomization was done with 15 adult patients (>18 years) in each arm, who presented with a history of corrosive ingestion within the past 24 h and had esophageal injury of Zargar Grade IIB on endoscopy.

Evaluation of kit-based loop-mediated isothermal amplification (TB-LAMP) assay in the diagnosis of tubercular lymphadenitis.

Background: The rapid and accurate diagnosis of tubercular lymphadenitis remains a challenging task today. The World Health Organization (WHO) endorsed the LoopAMP MTBC kit (TB-LAMP) as a replacement for sputum smear microscopy in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). However, no prospective diagnostic accuracy study of TB-LAMP for tubercular lymphadenitis in adults has been performed yet.

High-dose versus low-dose intravenous nitroglycerine for sympathetic crashing acute pulmonary edema: a randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: Sympathetic crashing acute pulmonary edema (SCAPE) is a subset of heart failure with a dramatic presentation. The unique physiology of this condition requires a different management strategy from the conventional practice. The trial objective was to compare the efficacy of high-dose and low-dose GTN in patients with SCAPE.

Ultrasound Characteristics of Metastatic Occult Cervical Lymph Nodes in Early Tongue Cancer.

Identification of occult lymph node metastasis is challenging in early tongue cancers. We conducted a prospective study to determine the most characteristics ultrasonic feature suggestive of metastatic node. A preliminary study based on feasibility was planned on twenty five patients with squamous cell carcinoma of tongue (T1,T2) and N0 neck underwent ultrasonography of neck.

Association of Leukocyte Subpopulations Identified by Flow Cytometry with Outcomes of Sepsis in a Respiratory Intensive Care Unit: An Observational Study.

Introduction: The dysregulated host immune response in sepsis is orchestrated by peripheral blood leukocytes. This study explored the associations of the peripheral blood leukocyte subpopulations with early clinical deterioration and mortality in sepsis.

Methods: We performed a prospective observational single-center study enrolling adult subjects with sepsis within 48 h of hospital admission.

Depth of Invasion in Carcinoma Tongue: Evaluation of Clinical and Imaging Techniques.

Background: "Depth of invasion" is an additional index incorporated in 8th AJCC staging system for oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma based on its prognostic significance. Pre-operative assessment by clinical palpation and imaging modalities has been used with limitations. The aim of the study is to compare different techniques including clinical palpation, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging with histopathology for assessment of depth of tumor invasion.

Host-guest coupling to potentially increase the bio-accessibility of 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea by nanocarrier graphyne for brain tumor therapy, a comprehensive quantum mechanics study.

This study aimed to explore the potential of Host-Guest coupling with Nanocarrier graphyne (GPH) to enhance the bioavailability of the drug 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (LUM) for brain tumor therapy. The electronic, geometric, and excited-state properties of GPH, LUM, and the graphyne@1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea-complex (GPH@LUM-complex) were studied using DFT B3LYP/6-31G** level of theory. The results showed that the GPH@LUM-complex was stable with negative adsorption energy (-0.

The Electronic Properties of Cadmium Naphthalene Diimide Coordination Complex.

The computational simulations for electronic properties of cadmium (Cd) coordinated L-alanine NDI ligand (H-l-ala NDI) based complex are the focus of this research. For the first time, the Cd-NDI complex (monomer) has been produced using water as the solvent; this is a new approach to synthesizing the Cd-NDI complex that has not been reported yet. Along with crystallography and Hirsch field analysis, CAM-B3LYP/LANL2DZ and B3LYP/LANL2MB basis sets were used, and in-depth characterisation of the Cd-NDI complex by following DFT and TD-DFT hypothetical simulations.

Is disease a threat to identity? A systematic review of parkinson's disease and personal identity.

Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurological condition that impacts the physical and psychological functioning of the patients. The physical and cognitive changes come with social stigma and threats to roles previously associated with their identities.

Objectives: The current paper attempts to study the influence of the disease on the personal identity of the patients.

Prognostic Relevance of PDL1 and CA19-9 Expression in Gallbladder Cancer vs. Inflammatory Lesions.

Chronic inflammation in the gallbladder leading to persistent epithelium damage promotes invasive cancer. The study aimed to assess the prognostic value of PDL1 and CA19-9 markers in cancer/inflammatory lesions of the gallbladder. A total of 29 cases (19 cancer and 10 inflammatory) were included.