Ultrasound evaluations and guided procedures of the painful joint arthroplasty.

The purpose of this article is to describe the use of ultrasound for the diagnosis and treatment of painful joint arthroplasty. Ultrasound plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of the painful joint arthroplasty, especially given its unique dynamic capabilities, convenience, and high resolution. Ultrasound guidance is also instrumental for procedures in both diagnosing and in select cases, treating the painful joint arthroplasty.

Thumb Injuries and Instabilities. Part 2: Spectrum of Lesions.

The motor function of the thumb and its alignment with regard to the hand make it particularly vulnerable to trauma. Pathology encountered in this joint is varied, and imaging techniques play a crucial role in the diagnosis and characterization of injury. Despite advances in imaging technology, acute thumb injuries remain a challenge for radiologists.

Thumb Injuries and Instabilities. Part 1: Anatomy, Kinesiology, and Imaging Techniques of the Thumb.

The unique anatomical characteristics of the thumb offer a broad range of motion and the ability to oppose thumb and finger, an essential function for grasping. The motor function of the thumb and its orientation make it particularly vulnerable to trauma. Pathologic lesions encountered in this joint are varied, and imaging techniques play a crucial role in injury detection and characterization.

Peripheral Polyneuropathy Associated with COVID-19 in Two Patients: A Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Case Report.

As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spreads, we are encountering multiple different symptoms and related complications. Although the vast majority of literature is focused on its pulmonary manifestations, recent reports have mentioned neurologic manifestations but typically those related to the central nervous system and diagnosed utilizing magnetic resonance imaging. We present two cases of COVID-19-associated peripheral polyneuropathy diagnosed utilizing musculoskeletal ultrasound (US), which to our knowledge is the first such case report.

The Hyperechoic Appearance of the Deltoid Muscle on Shoulder Ultrasound Imaging as a Predictor of Diabetes and Prediabetes.

Objectives: To evaluate whether the ultrasound appearance of the deltoid muscle in diabetic patients differs from that in obese nondiabetic patients.

Methods: Ultrasound images of the deltoid muscle from 137 type 2 diabetic patients (including 13 prediabetic patients) and 49 obese nondiabetic patients were blindly reviewed by 2 musculoskeletal radiologists, and by a third when arbitration was needed, to determine whether the appearance was "normal," "suspected diabetes," or "definite diabetes." Age, sex, race, body mass index (BMI), insulin use, and hemoglobin A were analyzed.

Compliance assessment and flip-angle measurement of the median nerve: sonographic tools for carpal tunnel syndrome assessment?

Objectives: To assess the diagnostic performance of median nerve (MN) flip-angle measurements, deformation during wrist flexion [transit deformation coefficient (TDC)], during compression [compression deformation coefficient (CDC)] and fascicular freedom to potentially identify fibrotic MN changes in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).

Methods: This prospective study was performed with institutional review board approval; all participants provided oral and written informed consent. Wrists in 21 healthy participants and 29 patients with CTS were examined by ultrasound.

Sonographic and radiographic findings of posterior tibial tendon dysfunction: a practical step forward.

The purpose of this article is to describe the sonographic and radiographic findings in the diagnosis and treatment of posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. Ultrasound and radiographs play a crucial role in the diagnosis of posterior tibial tendon dysfunction and in imaging the postoperative changes related to posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. Early detection and diagnosis of posterior tibial tendon dysfunction is important in helping to prevent further progression of disease, obviating the need for more invasive and complex procedures.

Value of ultrasound before joint aspiration.

Objective: The purpose of this article is to illustrate and discuss the value of ultra-sound screening before joint aspiration.

Conclusion: Before joint aspiration, ultrasound assessment of the overlying and surrounding soft tissues requires little time and is relatively inexpensive. Bursal fluid collections, soft-tissue abscesses, and other fluid collections that would be undetected with fluoroscopy or blind aspiration can thus be identified.

Apophyseal injuries of the lesser tuberosity in adolescents: a series of five cases.

An isolated avulsion fracture of the lesser tuberosity is an uncommon injury. We present five cases in adolescent athletes which demonstrate the radiographic, ultrasound, and MR appearances of this injury. Clinically and radiologically, the diagnosis can be difficult.

Sonographic depiction of trigger fingers in acromegaly.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of trigger fingers in patients with acromegaly versus an unaffected control group.

Methods: This study was performed with Institutional Review Board approval, and informed written consent was obtained from each patient and control participant. The diagnosis was made by a combination of clinical symptoms and sonographically measured thickening of the first annular (A1) pulley.

Atypical rapid progression of osteoarticular amyloidosis involving the hip in a patient on hemodialysis using polyacrylonitrile membranes.

Amyloidosis related to dialysis is a well-known complication affecting many organ systems, in particular the musculoskeletal system. In 1985 Shirahama et al. (Biochem Biophys Res Commun 53:705-709, 1985) identified beta-2 microglobulin (MG) as the offending constituent by using protein purification techniques.

Ultrasound of the rotator cuff with MRI and anatomic correlation.

Magnetic resonance imaging and high-resolution ultrasound (US) are frequently used for the detection of rotator cuff tears. The diagnostic yield of US is influenced by several factors as technique, knowledge of the imaging characteristics of anatomic and pathologic findings and of pitfalls. The purpose of this article is to illustrates that the standardized high-resolution US examination of the shoulder covers the entire rotator cuff and correlates with MR imaging and anatomic sections.

Radiography and US of os peroneum fractures and associated peroneal tendon injuries: initial experience.

Purpose: To retrospectively evaluate the imaging features of os peroneum fractures and associated peroneus longus tendon injuries at radiography and ultrasonography (US) and to retrospectively compare these imaging features with those of multipartite os peroneum.

Materials And Methods: Institutional review board approval was obtained and informed consent was waived for this HIPAA-compliant study. Retrospective review of findings in nine patients (five men, four women; age range, 35-59 years) with os peroneum fracture at radiography and lateral foot pain after injury who had undergone US of the foot was performed.

Three-tesla imaging of the knee: initial experience.

Purpose: To assess 3-T imaging of the knee.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed 357 3-T magnetic resonance images of the knee obtained using a dedicated knee coil. From 58 patients who had arthroscopy we determined the sensitivity and specificity for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear and medial and lateral meniscal tear.

Soft-tissue lipomas: accuracy of sonography in diagnosis with pathologic correlation.

Purpose: To retrospectively determine the accuracy of sonography in helping to distinguish soft-tissue lipomas from other soft-tissue masses by using histologic proof as the reference standard.

Materials And Methods: Institutional review board approval was obtained, and informed consent was waived. Thirty-nine patients who underwent sonographic evaluation of a soft-tissue mass followed by biopsy or resection were retrospectively evaluated.

Full-thickness and partial-thickness supraspinatus tendon tears: value of US signs in diagnosis.

Purpose: To determine which US signs are important in the diagnosis of a surgically identifiable supraspinatus tendon tear.

Materials And Methods: Fifty consecutive ultrasonographic (US) studies of the shoulder in patients who underwent arthroscopic follow-up were retrospectively reviewed by a musculoskeletal radiologist. US images of the supraspinatus tendon were evaluated for tendon nonvisualization, abnormal tendon echogenicity, tendon thinning, greater tuberosity cortical irregularity, cartilage interface sign, joint fluid, and subacromial-subdeltoid bursal fluid.

Trabecular microstructure and surface changes in the greater tuberosity in rotator cuff tears.

Objective: When planning surgery in patients with rotator cuff tear, strength of bone at the tendon insertion and trabecular bone structure in the greater tuberosity are usually taken into consideration. We investigated radiographic changes in bone structure of the greater tuberosity in rotator cuff tears.

Design: Twenty-two human cadaveric shoulders from subjects ranging from 55 to 75 years of age were obtained.

Sonography of ankle Ganglia with pathologic correlation in 10 pediatric and adult patients.

Objective: We describe the sonographic imaging characteristics of ankle ganglia with pathologic correlation in 10 patients.

Conclusion: Foot and ankle ganglia exhibit a spectrum of sonographic appearances from round and completely anechoic masses to hypoechoic, multilobulated, multiseptated masses with dependent debris. All the ganglionic cysts examined in our study showed posterior acoustic enhancement without solid nodules on sonography.