Publications by authors named "Marniemi J"
Introduction: We studied prevalence of hypovitaminosis D, its determinants, and whether achievement of recommended dietary vitamin D intake (10 μg/d) is associated with absence of hypovitaminosis D in adults.
Methods: The study is part of the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. We collected serum samples of 25-hydroxyvitamin D as part of the 27-year follow-up (994 men and 1,210 women aged 30-45 years).
Background: Apart from the effects of vitamin D on bone metabolism, it is also known for its immunomodulatory properties. However, so far, it is not clear whether serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] exerts any beneficial effect on the periodontium. The aim of the present study is to investigate whether the serum level of 25(OH)D is related to periodontal condition, measured by means of pocketing and gingival bleeding.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContext: Low vitamin D levels in adulthood have been associated with cardiovascular disease.
Objective: To investigate if low vitamin D levels in childhood are related with increased carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) in adulthood.
Design, Setting, And Participants: The analyses included 2148 subjects from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study, aged 3-18 years at baseline (in 1980).
Background: High vitamin D status has been hypothesized to protect against dementia. The aim of the current study was to investigate whether serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level predicts dementia risk.
Methods: The study was based on the Mini-Finland Health Survey.
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether low levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] predicts the development of knee or hip OA.
Methods: The cohort consisted of 5274 participants in a national health examination survey who had no knee or hip OA at baseline. Information about the incidence of OA was drawn from the National Health Care Register.
Upstream transcription factor 1 (USF1) allelic variants significantly influence future risk of cardiovascular disease and overall mortality in females. We investigated sex-specific effects of USF1 gene allelic variants on serum indices of lipoprotein metabolism, early markers of asymptomatic atherosclerosis and their changes during six years of follow-up. In addition, we investigated the cis-regulatory role of these USF1 variants in artery wall tissues in Caucasians.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn diabetes, the endogenous defence systems are overwhelmed, causing various types of stress in tissues. In this study, newly diagnosed or diet-treated type 2 diabetics (T2D) (n = 10) were compared with subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (n = 8). In both groups, at resting conditions, blood samples were drawn for assessing metabolic indices and skeletal muscle samples (m.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Apolipoproteins B (apoB) and A1 (apoA1) may be better markers of atherosclerosis than serum lipids. We used computational methods to estimate apoB and apoA1 from serum total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides and tested their clinical value in comparison to measured apoB and apoA1 values.
Methods: ApoB and apoA1 were measured with standard methods and estimated based on neural network regression models in 2166 young adult with data on carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT).
Background: Fish consumption and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake are shown to protect from cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, most fish contain environmental contaminants such as dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and methylmercury (MeHg) that may have adverse effects on cardiovascular health.
Objective: Our aim was to elucidate the associations of fish consumption, omega-3 PUFAs, environmental contaminants with low-grade inflammation, early atherosclerosis, and traditional CVD risk factors.
Purpose: Low serum 25(OH)D concentration has been shown to predict the occurrence of several chronic diseases. It is, however, still unclear whether the associations are causal or due to confounding. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between serum 25(OH)D concentration and sociodemographic, lifestyle and metabolic health-related factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Total and free testosterone decrease gradually in men with advancing age but it is not completely known how lower levels of testosterone are related with various cardiovascular risk factors. We studied the levels of total testosterone, calculated free testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and their relations with cardiovascular risk factors in young Finnish men.
Methods: The study cohort consisted of 24-45-year-old men participating the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study in the follow-up surveys performed in 2001 (N=1024) and 2007 (N=991).
Objective: In the light of conflicting results from previous studies on the role of vitamin D, we studied serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] with regard to its prediction of incident knee and hip osteoarthritis (OA).
Methods: The study population (n = 805) consisted of participants of a national health examination survey who had undergone baseline and follow-up clinical examinations at intervals of 20-23 years. Knee and hip OA were diagnosed on the basis of a standardized clinical examination by physicians with the same diagnostic criteria at baseline and follow-up.
Objective: Physical activity (PA) may reduce the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) by inducing beneficial changes in several risk factors. We studied the associations between PA and a range of risk markers of CHD in young adults.
Methods And Results: We measured serum lipoproteins, oxidized LDL, adipokines, inflammatory markers, metabolic markers, and arginine metabolites in 2,268 individuals (age 24-39 y).
Objective: Physical activity reduces high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and total mortality in type 2 diabetic patients. However, it is not known whether the effects of physical activity on mortality depend on the levels of hs-CRP in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Research Design And Methods: We prospectively followed-up on 569 type 2 diabetic patients, aged 45-64 years, who were free of CVD at baseline.
Background: We studied ability of serum cotinine and detailed history of smoking to predict bronchial obstruction.
Methods: The baseline study was done during the Mini-Finland Health Survey in 1980 and the follow-up study during the Health 2000 Survey in 2000 for a total of 662 persons free from bronchial obstruction at baseline. Spirometric values of the ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity (FEV%) <80% were defined as moderate and <70% as severe bronchial obstruction at follow-up.
Background: Many different multiplex biomarker immunoassays based on Luminex®-technology have been developed during recent years. We have evaluated the performance of two multiplex immunoassays for determination of adiponectin, resistin, ghrelin and leptin in comparison to corresponding, conventional ELISA assays.
Methods: Human serum or plasma samples were analysed by commercially available multiplex and ELISA immunoassays manufactured by Millipore Corp.
Objective: We examined whether metabolic syndrome (MetS) predicts increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels in young adults, whether spontaneous recovery from MetS has a favorable effect on liver enzyme activities, and whether these enzymes contribute to the atherogenicity of MetS (assessed by carotid intima-media thickness (IMT)).
Methods: The study included 1,553 subjects (base-line age 31.5 ± 5.
Aims: Adiponectin may be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. We investigated the relation of adiponectin on early functional and structural markers of subclinical atherosclerosis in a large population-based cohort of young men and women.
Methods And Results: We measured serum adiponectin using radioimmunoassay in 2,147 young adults (ages 24-39 years) participating in the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.
Objective: To investigate whether serum vitamin D level predicts the risk of Parkinson disease.
Design: Cohort study.
Setting: The study was based on the Mini-Finland Health Survey, which was conducted from 1978 to 1980, with Parkinson disease occurrence follow-up through the end of 2007.
Background And Aim: Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a pro-atherosclerotic cytokine. We wanted to evaluate whether IL-18 gene polymorphism associates independently of risk factors, with early subclinical markers of atherosclerosis (intima-media thickness (IMT), coronary artery compliance (CAC), and flow-mediated dilatation (FMD)) in a population of young healthy Caucasian adults.
Methods: This study was based on the on-going Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study consisting of 2260 young adults, mean age being 31.
Background/objectives: To assess biomarkers and frequency questions as measures of fish consumption.
Subjects/methods: Participants in the Fishermen substudy numbered 125 men and 139 women (aged 22-74), and in the Health 2000 substudy, 577 men and 712 women (aged 45-74) participated. The aim of the Fishermen study was to examine the overall health effect of fish consumption in a high-consumption population, whereas the aim of the Health 2000 substudy was to obtain in-depth information on cardiovascular diseases and diabetes.
Berries are a rich source of various polyphenols. The objective of this study was to investigate the bioavailability of polyphenols from berries. Middle-aged subjects (n = 72) consumed moderate amounts of berry or control products for 8 weeks in a randomized, placebo-controlled dietary intervention trial.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLifestyle factors predict type 2 diabetes occurrence, but their effect in high- and low-risk populations is poorly known. This study determines the prediction of low-risk lifestyle on type 2 diabetes in those with and without metabolic syndrome in a pooled sample of two representative Finnish cohorts, collected in 1978-1980 and 2000-2001. Altogether 8,627 individuals, aged 40-79 years, and free of diabetes and cardiovascular disease at baseline were included in this study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAccumulating evidence suggests that inadequate vitamin D levels may predispose people to chronic diseases. The authors aimed to investigate whether serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level predicts mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD). The study was based on the Mini-Finland Health Survey and included 6,219 men and women aged > or =30 years who were free from CVD at baseline (1978-1980).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To examine cardiovascular risk factor levels in 2007 and their 6-year changes between 2001 and 2007 using the data collected in the follow-ups of the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.
Design: Population-based follow-up study.
Subjects: A total of 2204 healthy Finnish adults aged 30-45 years (1210 women; 994 men).