Modifiable lifestyle risk factors for overweight and obesity in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: A systematic review.

This review aims to identify and report epidemiological associations between modifiable lifestyle risk factors for overweight or obesity in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D). A systematic literature search of medical databases from 1990 to 2023 was undertaken. Inclusion criteria were observational studies reporting on associations between dietary factors, disordered eating, physical activity, sedentary and sleep behaviours and measures of adiposity in children and adolescents (<18 years) with T1D.

Healthy weight and overweight adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus do not meet recommendations for daily physical activity and sleep.

Aims: Physical activity (PA) plays an important role in the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD), particularly in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) who are at increased risk. Our aim was to determine levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sedentary behaviour and sleep in adolescents with T1DM, and identify barriers to PA.

Methods: Participants aged 12-18 with T1DM wore an accelerometer and continuous glucose monitor for 24 h over 7-days.

Adolescents with type 1 diabetes can achieve glycemic targets on intensive insulin therapy without excessive weight gain.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare glycemic control and body mass index standard deviation score (BMI-SDS) before and after implementation of intensive insulin therapy using multiple daily injection (MDI) or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) in adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) attending a large multidisciplinary paediatric diabetes clinic in Australia.

Methods: Prospective data were collected for cross-sectional comparison of youth aged 10.0-17.

A scoping review exploring reablement models of training and client assessment for older people in primary health care.

Aim: The aim of this scoping review is to explore the evidence by which community service providers have integrated reablement models of staff training and client assessment into practice.

Background: The concept of reablement, which has emerged during the last two decades globally, has recently been defined by health experts from 11 countries through a Delphi study. Reablement is seen as a way to support integrated frameworks that achieve person-centred, long-term care and assistance across community settings.

Whole of Community Facilitators: An Exemplar for Supporting Rural Health Workforce Recruitment through Students' Professional Experience Placements.

The Whole of Community Facilitator model provides support for healthcare students' professional experience placements (PEP) in rural regions in Tasmania. In Tasmania, rural PEP is challenged as healthcare facilities are often small and have limited capacity for staff to devote considerable time to supervising students during PEP. Recruitment and retention of the rural health workforce in Tasmania is sometimes difficult because the island State is geographically distant from mainland Australia, and predominantly classified as a regional, rural, or remote area.

Insulin strategies for dietary fat and protein in type 1 diabetes: A systematic review.

Aim: To identify and report the efficacy of insulin strategies used to manage glycaemia following fat and/or fat and protein meals in type 1 diabetes.

Methods: A systematic literature search of medical databases from 1995 to 2021 was undertaken. Inclusion criteria were randomised controlled trials that reported at least one of the following glycaemic outcomes: mean glucose, area under the curve, time in range or hypoglycaemic episodes.

Staff experiences of a reablement approach to care for older people in a regional Australian community: A qualitative study.

Reablement is described as a person-centred, goal-directed intervention with a view to regain, maintain or improve the independence of older clients. Although evidence to support the use of reablement as a multidisciplinary, home-based intervention for community-dwelling older adults is increasing, there is limited knowledge about what it means for care staff who provide client-based services. This study, which was nested in a larger program evaluation, used a descriptive qualitative approach to explore direct care staff and care coordinator experiences of translating a reablement training program into practice for older people in a regional Australian community.

Piloting an interprofessional chronic pain management program: Perspectives of health students and community clients.

Interprofessional learning (IPL) is vital for developing work-ready graduates of tertiary health professions and enhancing outcomes of patients with chronic pain. Twenty-two students from six health professions participated in or co-facilitated components of a 6-week group chronic pain management program. Twelve community clients with chronic pain and one family member participated.

Determining readiness for a reablement approach to care in Australia: Development of a pre-employment questionnaire.

Reablement is described as a goal directed intervention with a view to maintain or improve the independence of clients through "doing with, rather than doing for". As a relatively new concept in care, lack of specific skills in reablement is not uncommon, however, intrinsic values aligned with reablement are beneficial to organisations providing care and support to clients. The aim of this study is to develop a pre-employment questionnaire to assess readiness for a reablement approach to care as a step towards developing a reablement culture across organisations.

Young children, adolescent girls and women with type 1 diabetes are more overweight and obese than reference populations, and this is associated with increased cardiovascular risk factors.

Aim: Overweight and obesity are frequently reported in young persons with type 1 diabetes, however its relative magnitude in comparison to the general population is not well understood. This study compared the prevalence of overweight and obesity in young persons with type 1 diabetes to a reference population and explored possible associated factors, including gender, age, HbA , insulin regimen, age at diagnosis, diabetes duration, socio-economic status and cardiovascular disease risk factors.

Methods: A cross-sectional review was undertaken of data collected from youth (3-17 years) in 2016 and young adults (18-30 years) in 2015 with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes for > 3 months attending diabetes centres in Newcastle, Australia.

Periodontal Diagnosis and Treatment Planning Among Indiana Dental Faculty, Periodontists, and General Practice Dentists: A Multi-Group Comparison.

Diagnosis and treatment planning for periodontal disease are fraught with challenges because of the complex and multifactorial nature of the disease as well as the inherent variability in interpretation of clinical findings. It is important for all practitioners to be accurate and consistent in formulating diagnoses based on the American Academy of Periodontology classification guidelines and to implement treatment plans to adequately address patients' needs. The aim of this study was to compare diagnoses and treatment plans among four groups of participants: full-time and part-time periodontology faculty at Indiana University School of Dentistry (IUSD), full-time and part-time IUSD general practice faculty, full-time periodontists in private practice, and full-time general practitioners in private practice.

Nursing students' preferences for clinical placements in the residential aged care setting.

Aims And Objectives: To examine nursing student placement preferences submitted as online comments to a university's placement management system, to inform strategies for positive residential aged care experiences.

Background: There are predicted shortages of nurses to service an ageing population. Clinical placements undertaken by undergraduate nursing students help shape their attitudes and are a key determinant of career decision-making, yet there is little research about why students prefer particular placement areas.

Peri-Implant Bone Loss and Peri-Implantitis: A Report of Three Cases and Review of the Literature.

Dental implant supported restorations have been added substantially to the clinical treatment options presented to patients. However, complications with these treatment options also arise due to improper patient selection and inadequate treatment planning combined with poor follow-up care. The complications related to the presence of inflammation include perimucositis, peri-implant bone loss, and peri-implantitis.

Using action research to build mentor capacity to improve orientation and quality of nursing students' aged care placements: what to do when the phone rings.

Aims And Objectives: To describe whether an action research approach can be used to build capacity of residential aged care facility staff to support undergraduate nursing students' clinical placements in residential aged care facilities, using development of an orientation programme as an exemplar.

Background: Aged care facilities are unpopular sites for nursing students' clinical placements. A contributing factor is the limited capacity of staff to provide students with a positive placement experience.

Quality clinical placements: The perspectives of undergraduate nursing students and their supervising nurses.

Background: Clinical placement for students of nursing is a central component of tertiary nursing programs but continues to be a complex and multifaceted experience for all stakeholders.

Objectives: This paper presents findings from a longitudinal 3-year study across multiple sites within the Australian context investigating the quality of clinical placements.

Design: A study using cross-sectional survey.

Wicking teaching aged care facilities program: Innovative Practice.

This paper reports on the design of a program that aims to prototype teaching aged care facilities in Australia. Beginning in two Tasmanian residential aged care facilities, the intent of the program is to support large-scale inter-professional student clinical placements, positively influence students' attitudes toward working in aged care and drive development of a high-performance culture capable of supporting evidence-based aged care practice. This is important in the context of aged care being perceived as an unattractive career choice for health professionals, reinforced by negative clinical placement experiences.

Evaluating, understanding and improving the quality of clinical placements for undergraduate nurses: A practice development approach.

Supervision and support is central to sustainability of clinical placement experiences of undergraduate nurses, but open to influences that impact nurses' capacity to undertake the role. Whilst supervision of learners is integral to the role of health care professionals, the primary responsibility is to deliver safe and effective care. Supervision of learners in practice is impacted by low levels of organisational support, variable individual preparedness, and lack of feedback and recognition for the role from education and industry partners.

An investigation of nursing students' knowledge of dementia: A questionnaire study.

Background: Globally, rising rates of dementia indicate the need for more nurses skilled in caring for people with this condition. However nursing students may not acquire the requisite knowledge from existing undergraduate curricula.

Objectives: To investigate the dementia knowledge of second-year nursing students before and after a supported placement in a residential aged care facility.

Improving student nurses' aged care understandings through a supported placement.

Aim: The study aimed to identify the potential for aged care placements to deliver benefits for second year nursing students when conducted within a supportive framework with debriefing and critical reflection opportunities.

Background: Given the ageing population and complex care needs of aged care facility residents, exacerbated by the high prevalence of dementia, the healthcare workforce's ability to meet older people's care needs is paramount. Yet research shows that nursing students are disengaged from aged care.

The use of video conferencing to develop a community of practice for preceptors located in rural and non traditional placement settings: an evaluation study.

Support for nursing students in rural and non-traditional health environments within Tasmania is predominately undertaken by preceptors. It is recognised that preceptors who work within these environments, require support in their role and opportunities to communicate with academic staff within universities. Multiple methods of information distribution support and networking opportunities provide preceptors with flexible options to keep them abreast of the student learning process.

Learning opportunities in a residential aged care facility: the role of supported placements for first-year nursing students.

The residential aged care sector is reportedly a less attractive career choice for nursing students than other sectors. Research shows that students are often fearful of working with residents with dementia when they are inadequately supported on clinical placements by aged care staff. Thirty first-year nursing students attended a 2-week placement in one of two Tasmanian aged care facilities as part of the Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre Teaching Aged Care Facilities Program, which aims to provide students with a quality aged care placement focusing on dementia palliation.

Certification of elements in and use of standard reference material 3280 multivitamin/multielement tablets.

Standard Reference Material 3280 Multivitamin/ Multielement Tablets was issued by the National Institute of Standards and Technology in 2009, and has certified and reference mass fraction values for 13 vitamins, 26 elements, and two carotenoids. Elements were measured using two or more analytical methods at NIST with additional data contributed by collaborating laboratories. This reference material is expected to serve a dual purpose: to provide quality assurance in support of a database of dietary supplement products and to provide a means for analysts, dietary supplement manufacturers, and researchers to assess the appropriateness and validity of their analytical methods and the accuracy of their results.

Digital communication to support clinical supervision: considering the human factors.

During the last three years the School of Nursing and Midwifery at the University of Tasmania has used a needs assessment survey to explore the needs of organizations and nursing professionals that facilitate and clinically supervise Bachelor of Nursing students in the workplace. Findings from the survey indicated that staff at healthcare organizations wanted a communication strategy that was easily accessible by clinicians who supervised students during work integrated learning placements. In particular they wanted to receive timely information related to the role and function of supervisors in practice.

Spirocyclic β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) inhibitors: from hit to lowering of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid β in a higher species.

A hallmark of Alzheimer's disease is the brain deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ), a peptide of 36-43 amino acids that is likely a primary driver of neurodegeneration. Aβ is produced by the sequential cleavage of APP by BACE1 and γ-secretase; therefore, inhibition of BACE1 represents an attractive therapeutic target to slow or prevent Alzheimer's disease. Herein we describe BACE1 inhibitors with limited molecular flexibility and molecular weight that decrease CSF Aβ in vivo, despite efflux.

Audio teleconferencing: creative use of a forgotten innovation.

As part of a regional School of Nursing and Midwifery's commitment to addressing recruitment and retention issues, approximately 90% of second year undergraduate student nurses undertake clinical placements at: multipurpose centres; regional or district hospitals; aged care; or community centres based in rural and remote regions within the State. The remaining 10% undertake professional experience placement in urban areas only. This placement of a large cohort of students, in low numbers in a variety of clinical settings, initiated the need to provide consistent support to both students and staff at these facilities.