Combined X-linked familial exudative vitreoretinopathy and retinopathy of prematurity phenotype in an infant with mosaic turner syndrome with ring X chromosome.

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) are two distinct pathologies of retinal angiogenesis with overlapping clinical features.

Methods: Examination, multimodal imaging, and genetic testing were used to guide diagnosis and treatment.

Results: We report a combined phenotype of X-linked FEVR and ROP in a 4-month-old girl with mosaic Turner syndrome with ring X chromosome born at 26 weeks gestational age.

Wide Field Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography for the Evaluation of Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy and Associated Lesions: A Review.

Retinal imaging remains the mainstay for monitoring and grading diabetic retinopathy. The gold standard for detecting proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) requiring treatment has long been the seven-field stereoscopic fundus photography and fluorescein angiography. In the past decade, ultra-wide field fluorescein angiography (UWF-FA) has become more commonly used in clinical practice for the evaluation of more advanced diabetic retinopathy.

Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography Compared to Ultrasound and Biomicroscopy for Diagnosis of Posterior Vitreous Detachment.

Background: Biomicroscopy, B-scan ultrasound imaging, and SD-OCT are all modalities used to characterize a posterior vitreous detachment (PVD). Our objective is to assess the precision of the diagnosis of PVD by SS-OCT.

Methods: This prospective observational study examines ninety-five eyes of forty-nine patients with biomicroscopy, B-scan ultrasound, and SS-OCT for the presence or absence of a complete PVD.

Ophthalmology and Ethics in the COVID-19 Era.

Purpose: The novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), has disrupted the practice of ophthalmology and threatens to forever alter how we care for our patients. Physicians across the country encounter unique clinical dilemmas daily. This paper presents a curated set of ethical dilemmas facing ophthalmologists both during and following the pandemic.

Retina specialists treating cystoid macular oedema secondary to retinal vein occlusion recommend different treatments for patients than they would choose for themselves.

Aims: To evaluate the presence of cognitive bias among retinal specialists when recommending treatment options for cystoid macular oedema (CMO) secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO).

Methods: Two randomly chosen samples of retina specialists were surveyed regarding their treatment and dosing regimen choices among three antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) biologics (aflibercept, bevacizumab and ranibizumab), intravitreal steroid, focal laser and observation for the treatment of CMO secondary to RVO. The first group was asked to make recommendations for two hypothetical patients: one with CMO secondary to branch RVO (BRVO) and the second with CMO secondary to central RVO (CRVO).

An Evaluation of Postoperative Complications and Cost After Short-Stay Thyroid Operations.

Background: Concern for postoperative complications causing airway compromise has limited widespread acceptance of ambulatory thyroid surgery. We evaluated differences in outcomes and hospital costs in those monitored for a short stay of 6 h (SS), inpatient observation of 6-23 h (IO), or inpatient admission of >23 h (IA).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all patients undergoing thyroidectomy from 2006 to 2012.