In vivo investigation of open-pored magnesium scaffolds LAE442 with different coatings in an open wedge defect.

The magnesium alloy LAE442 showed promising results as a bone substitute in numerous studies in non-weight bearing bone defects. This study aimed to investigate the in vivo behavior of wedge-shaped open-pored LAE442 scaffolds modified with two different coatings (magnesium fluoride (MgF, group 1)) or magnesium fluoride/calcium phosphate (MgF/CaP, group 2)) in a partial weight-bearing rabbit tibia defect model. The implantation of the scaffolds was performed as an open wedge corrective osteotomy in the tibia of 40 rabbits and followed for observation periods of 6, 12, 24, and 36 weeks.

Cocktails of Mycotoxins, Phytoestrogens, and Other Secondary Metabolites in Diets of Dairy Cows in Austria: Inferences from Diet Composition and Geo-Climatic Factors.

Dairy production is a pivotal economic sector of Austrian and European agriculture. Dietary toxins and endocrine disruptors of natural origin such as mycotoxins and phytoestrogens can affect animal health, reproduction, and productivity. This study characterized the profile of a wide spectrum of fungal, plant, and unspecific secondary metabolites, including regulated, emerging, and modified mycotoxins, phytoestrogens, and cyanogenic glucosides, in complete diets of lactating cows from 100 Austrian dairy farms.

Fungal species and mycotoxins in mouldy spots of grass and maize silages in Austria.

Fungi and mycotoxins in silage can have detrimental consequences for both cattle and human health. This pilot study identified, via the routinary direct plating method, the dominant cultivable fungi in mouldy grass silages (GS) (n = 19) and maize silages (MS) (n = 28) from Austria. The profiles of regulated, modified, and emerging mycotoxins together with other fungal metabolites were analysed via LC-(ESI)MS/MS.

Comparison of Instruments for Measuring Health-Related Quality of Life and Their Applicability to Ehealth Applications.

Health-related Quality of Life (HRQoL) assessment has proven as a good means for assessing treatment options or impact of applications supporting the patient in adherence, monitoring and better understanding of health issues. While most of the HRQoL instruments were designed several years ago, their capability to assess the impact of ehealth application is in question. The objective of this paper is to assess HRQoL instruments including a focus on the ehealth domain.

Focal Bone-Marrow Defects in the Jawbone Determined by Ultrasonography-Validation of New Trans-Alveolar Ultrasound Technique for Measuring Jawbone Density in 210 Participants.

Ultrasound imaging of the jawbone is not currently used in dental medicine to determine bone density. Bone-marrow defects in the human jawbone (BMDJ/FDOJ) are widely discussed in dentistry owing to their role in implant failures and as sources of inflammation in various immune diseases. The use of through-transmission alveolar ultrasonography (TAU) to locate BMDJ/FDOJ was evaluated in this study using a new TAU apparatus (TAU-n).

Undetected Jawbone Marrow Defects as Inflammatory and Degenerative Signaling Pathways: Chemokine RANTES/CCL5 as a Possible Link Between the Jawbone and Systemic Interactions?

Background: Cytokines, especially chemokines, are of increasing interest in immunology. This study characterizes the little-known phenomenon of "bone marrow defects of the jawbone" (BMDJ) with known overexpression of the chemokine RANTES/CCL5 (R/C).

Purpose: Our investigation clarifies why BMDJ and the intensity of local R/C overexpression are challenging to detect, as examined in patients with seven different systemic immunological diseases.

Principles of open, transparent and reproducible science in author guidelines of sleep research and chronobiology journals.

"Open science" is an umbrella term describing various aspects of transparent and open science practices. The adoption of practices at different levels of the scientific process (e.g.

Loss of autophagy protein ATG5 impairs cardiac capacity in mice and humans through diminishing mitochondrial abundance and disrupting Ca2+ cycling.

Aims: Autophagy protects against the development of cardiac hypertrophy and failure. While aberrant Ca2+ handling promotes myocardial remodelling and contributes to contractile dysfunction, the role of autophagy in maintaining Ca2+ homeostasis remains elusive. Here, we examined whether Atg5 deficiency-mediated autophagy promotes early changes in subcellular Ca2+ handling in ventricular cardiomyocytes, and whether those alterations associate with compromised cardiac reserve capacity, which commonly precedes the onset of heart failure.

Ubiquitin signalling in neurodegeneration: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.

Neurodegenerative diseases are characterised by progressive damage to the nervous system including the selective loss of vulnerable populations of neurons leading to motor symptoms and cognitive decline. Despite millions of people being affected worldwide, there are still no drugs that block the neurodegenerative process to stop or slow disease progression. Neuronal death in these diseases is often linked to the misfolded proteins that aggregate within the brain (proteinopathies) as a result of disease-related gene mutations or abnormal protein homoeostasis.

Ultrasound Sonography to Detect Focal Osteoporotic Jawbone Marrow Defects Clinical Comparative Study with Corresponding Hounsfield Units and RANTES/CCL5 Expression.

Introduction: The presently used impulse echo ultrasound examination is not suitable to provide relevant and reliable information about the jawbone, because ultrasound (US) almost completely reflects from the hard cortical jawbone. At the same time, "focal osteoporotic bone marrow defects" (BoneMarrowDefects = BMD) in jawbone are the subject of scientific presentations and discussions.

Purpose: Can a newly developed trans-alveolar ultrasonic sonography (TAU-n) device locate and ascertain BMD?

Patients And Methods: TAU-n consists of a two-part handpiece with an extraoral ultrasound transmitter and an intraoral ultrasound receiver.

Effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on human sleep and rest-activity rhythms.

In modern societies, human rest-activity rhythms and sleep result from the tensions and dynamics between the conflicting poles of external social time (e.g., work hours and leisure activities) and an individual's internal biological time.

Anti-nociceptive action of peripheral mu-opioid receptors by G-beta-gamma protein-mediated inhibition of TRPM3 channels.

Opioids, agonists of µ-opioid receptors (µORs), are the strongest pain killers clinically available. Their action includes a strong central component, which also causes important adverse effects. However, µORs are also found on the peripheral endings of nociceptors and their activation there produces meaningful analgesia.

Prophylactic cranial irradiation revisited: cost-effectiveness and quality of life in small-cell lung cancer.

Purpose: To investigate the therapeutic usefulness and cost-effectiveness of prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) in patients with limited-stage small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) who had achieved a complete remission.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was undertaken of all patients diagnosed in Saskatchewan with SCLC between 1987 and 1998 inclusive. Patients who achieved a complete remission were divided into two groups, depending on whether they underwent PCI (PCI+ and PCI-, respectively).