Comparing forensic and non-forensic women with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a European study.

Studies about violence by women with severe mental disorders are rare. The aim of this paper is to analyse the sample of women diagnosed with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders (SSD) from the EU-VIORMED study who had offended violently and were admitted to forensic facilities (cases), and compare them to women with SSD who never exhibited violent behaviour (controls). Cases and controls matched for age and diagnosis were compared for sociodemographic, clinical, neuropsychological, and treatment-related characteristics using a standardised assessment.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychosocial rehabilitation of forensic psychiatric patients in Austria.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to increased psychological distress and far-reaching restrictions of freedom. In March 2020, Austrian penal authorities enacted various safety and protection measures to mitigate the propagation of COVID-19. While infection rates in penal institutions were low, restrictive conditions of detention limited the forensic care of offenders.

Neurocognition and social cognition in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders with and without a history of violence: results of a multinational European study.

Objective: Neurocognitive impairment has been extensively studied in people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and seems to be one of the major determinants of functional outcome in this clinical population. Data exploring the link between neuropsychological deficits and the risk of violence in schizophrenia has been more inconsistent. In this study, we analyse the differential predictive potential of neurocognition and social cognition to discriminate patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders with and without a history of severe violence.

[Working with Fathers to Prevent Child Abuse. A Pilot Evaluation of the Caring Dads Program in Germany].

Selective and indicated prevention programs for fathers at high risk of (repeated) child maltreatment are lacking within early childhood intervention and child protection. The Canadian Caring Dads Program has been started in Germany in 2008. The aim of this study was to examine fathers who participated in a Caring Dads program in Düsseldorf, Hanover or Groß-Gerau until 2016.

Metacognitive beliefs in individuals at risk for psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of sex differences.

Background: Sex differences were found in several domains in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis, but no previous work has systematically reviewed and analysed possible sex differences in metacognition in this population. However, alterations in metacognitive beliefs have been shown in the at-risk mental state for psychosis population. Our aim was to qualitatively review and quantitatively analyse the existing literature for data on sex differences in metacognitive beliefs-mainly depicted by the Metacognitions Questionnaire (MCQ) and its short form (MCQ-30)-in individuals with at-risk mental states.

[Descriptive examination of inpatient stays of patients with emotionally unstable personality disorder in Austria between 2001 and 2016 with special consideration of age, gender and length of stay].

Backround: Emotionally unstable personality disorder (EUPD) has a high prevalence worldwide and especially in in-patient psychiatric settings, varying in age and gender. Due to the complex clinical picture, repeated admissions and high costs, health systems are facing great challenges.

Methods: For the calculations Statistik Austria data of inpatient stays of patients with mental and behavioral disorders with special regard to EUPD as main discharge diagnosis in Austria in the period 2001-2016 were used.

Daily variations of homocysteine concentration may influence methylation of DNA in normal healthy individuals.

The regulation of genetic expression is tightly controlled and well balanced in the organism by different epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation and histone modifications. DNA methylation occurring after embryogenesis is seen mainly as an irreversible event. Even small changes in genomic DNA methylation might be of biological relevance, and several factors influencing DNA methylation have been identified so far, one being homocysteine.