Competency-Based Assessment Tool for Pediatric Esophagoscopy: International Modified Delphi Consensus.

Objectives/hypothesis: Create a competency-based assessment tool for pediatric esophagoscopy with foreign body removal.

Study Design: Blinded modified Delphi consensus process.

Setting: Tertiary care center.

International Pediatric Otolaryngology group (IPOG) consensus on the diagnosis and management of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Objective: To develop an expert-based consensus of recommendations for the diagnosis and management of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea.

Methods: A two-iterative Delphi method questionnaire was used to formulate expert recommendations by the members of the International Pediatric Otolaryngology Group (IPOG).

Results: Twenty-six members completed the survey.

The role of polysomnography in tracheostomy decannulation of the paediatric patient.

Introduction: Tracheostomy decannulation in the paediatric patient is usually considered when there is resolution or significant improvement in the original indication for the tracheostomy. The child's cardiorespiratory function needs to be optimized and assessment of the readiness for decannulation is generally by endoscopic evaluation to confirm airway patency and vocal cord mobility. Functional airway assessment procedures include downsizing the tracheostomy, adding fenestration, speaking valves and capping the tracheostomy tube.

Midline cervical cleft: a rare congenital anomaly.

Objectives: A midline cervical cleft (MCC) is a rare congenital anomaly due to failure of fusion of the first and second branchial arches during embryogenesis. It may present as a midline defect of the anterior neck skin with a skin projection or sinus, or as a subcutaneous fibrous cord. This report evaluates the clinical features and surgical management of an MCC.

Cidofovir: to use or not to use?

Purpose Of Review: Cidofovir is an antiviral agent that has been used increasingly in the last decade as an adjuvant therapy for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. It has been used in patients with moderate to severe recurrent respiratory papillomatosis requiring frequent surgical intervention or if there is evidence of distal spread. Intralesional administration after surgical debulking delivers the medication directly to the site of disease and is thought to have fewer systemic side effects than intravenous infusion.