Preliminary Observations of Resting-State Magnetoencephalography in Nonmedicated Children with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.

Cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) network alterations are hypothesized to contribute to symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). To date, very few studies have examined whether CSTC network alterations are present in children with OCD, who are medication naive. Medication-naive pediatric imaging samples may be optimal to study neural correlates of illness and identify brain-based markers, given the proximity to illness onset.

Clinical Health Outcomes of Siblings of Children with Chronic Conditions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: The objective of the study was to assess clinical mental and physical health outcomes of siblings of children with chronic health condition(s) compared with siblings of healthy children or normative data.

Study Design: We searched Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PsycINFO, and CINAHL through August 9, 2021. We included English-language studies that reported clinically diagnosable mental or physical health outcomes among siblings of children (<18 years old) with a chronic health condition, included a comparison group, and used an experimental or observational study design.

Dietary patterns and internalizing symptoms in children and adolescents: A meta-analysis.

Context: Studies of child and adolescent internalizing symptoms and dietary pattern have produced mixed results.

Objectives: To quantify the association between dietary patterns and internalizing symptoms, including depression, in children and adolescents.

Data Sources: Embase, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Web of Science and Cochrane up to March 2021.

Depression and inflammation among children and adolescents: A meta-analysis.

Background: Increasing evidence suggests that youth with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) exhibit early indicators of cardiovascular disease. A leading hypothesized mechanism of this association is via inflammatory pathways, however, results examining this direct association are mixed. Our objective was to synthesize and quantify observational studies examining the association of depression and inflammation among children and adolescents.

The longitudinal association between temperament and physical activity in young children.

Objective: To examine the longitudinal association of negative affect and physical activity in a population of preschool children.

Study Design: Participants included 763 children (53% male) attending scheduled health supervision visits in their primary care physicians' offices. Data were collected at two time points at mean ages 27 (SD=5.

Children's Physical Activity and Depression: A Meta-analysis.

Context: Research regarding the protective effects of early physical activity on depression has yielded conflicting results.

Objective: Our objective was to synthesize observational studies examining the association of physical activity in childhood and adolescence with depression.

Data Sources: Studies (from 2005 to 2015) were identified by using a comprehensive search strategy.

Uncovering obsessive-compulsive disorder risk genes in a pediatric cohort by high-resolution analysis of copy number variation.

Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a heterogeneous neuropsychiatric condition, thought to have a significant genetic component. When onset occurs in childhood, affected individuals generally exhibit different characteristics from adult-onset OCD, including higher prevalence in males and increased heritability. Since neuropsychiatric conditions are associated with copy number variations (CNVs), we considered their potential role in the etiology of OCD.

The Effects of Stigma on Recovery Attitudes in People With Anorexia Nervosa in Intensive Treatment.

Self-stigma in individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) may affect engagement in intensive treatment. The objective of this study was to test a Model of Self-Stigma to identify the influence of public stigma, internalized stigma, self-esteem, and self-efficacy on recovery attitudes in individuals in inpatient treatment for AN. Using a cross-sectional design, 36 female participants with AN completed questionnaires during the first week of intensive inpatient treatment.