The Scarab Technique for Correction of Late-Presenting Sagittal Suture Craniosynostosis.

Introduction: Sagittal synostosis (SS) is the most prevalent form of craniosynostosis. It is the premature fusion of the sagittal suture, resulting in a "boat like" skull shape. Early surgical intervention is crucial to prevent complications, yet no standard procedure exists for patients over 12 months old.

Purine and pyrimidine synthesis differently affect the strength of the inoculum effect for aminoglycoside and β-lactam antibiotics.

Unlabelled: The inoculum effect has been observed for nearly all antibiotics and bacterial species. However, explanations accounting for its occurrence and strength are lacking. Previous work found that the relationship between [ATP] and growth rate can account for the strength and occurrence of the inoculum effect for bactericidal antibiotics.

Purine and pyrimidine synthesis differently affect the strength of the inoculum effect for aminoglycoside and β-lactam antibiotics.

The inoculum effect has been observed for nearly all antibiotics and bacterial species. However, explanations accounting for its occurrence and strength are lacking. We previously found that growth productivity, which captures the relationship between [ATP] and growth, can account for the strength of the inoculum effect for bactericidal antibiotics.

A Retrospective Review of Laser Therapy for Treatment of Hidradenitis Suppurativa.

Purpose: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by painful and foul-smelling cystic nodules and sinus tracts in the apocrine gland-bearing regions. The treatment options include topical, intralesional, systemic, and surgical modalities. Currently, the most novel therapy is laser therapy to provide localized treatment without systemic adverse effects.

Co-occurrence of glioma and multiple sclerosis: Prevailing theories and emerging therapies.

Though the concurrence of primary brain tumors and multiple sclerosis (MS) is exceedingly rare, instances have been noted in the literature as early as 1949. Given these observations, researchers have proposed various ideas as to how these malignancies may be linked to MS. Due to insufficient data, none have gained traction or been widely accepted amongst neurologists or neuro-oncologists.

The Role of Infection and Its Relationship With Colorectal Cancer.

Background: is a gram-negative coccobacillus. Non-typeable infection is a significant cause of disease that activates the inflammatory pathway involving the nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. A gain-of-function mutation in NLRP3 results in cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes characterized by inflammatory conditions in the lungs, skin, joints, and eyes but not in the gut.

Interactions between metabolism and growth can determine the co-existence of and .

Most bacteria exist and interact within polymicrobial communities. These interactions produce unique compounds, increase virulence and augment antibiotic resistance. One community associated with negative healthcare outcomes consists of and .

The mechanisms and cell signaling pathways of programmed cell death in the bacterial world.

While programmed cell death was once thought to be exclusive to eukaryotic cells, there are now abundant examples of well regulated cell death mechanisms in bacteria. The mechanisms by which bacteria undergo programmed cell death are diverse, and range from the use of toxin-antitoxin systems, to prophage-driven cell lysis. Moreover, some bacteria have learned how to coopt programmed cell death systems in competing bacteria.

The public and private benefit of an impure public good determines the sensitivity of bacteria to population collapse in a snowdrift game.

When cooperation is critical for survival, cheating can lead to population collapse. One mechanism of cooperation that permits the coexistence of cooperators and cheaters is an impure public good, whose public benefits are shared, but with a private benefit retained by the cooperator. It has yet to be determined how the contributions of the public and private benefit affect population survival.