High-pressure liquid dispersion and fragmentation of flame-made silica agglomerates.

The influence of primary particle diameter and the degree of agglomeration of flame-made silica agglomerate suspensions in aqueous solutions is studied by high-pressure dispersion (up to 1500 bar) through a nozzle with a 125 microm inner diameter. These particles were produced (4-15 g/h) by oxidation of hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) in a coflow diffusion flame reactor. Their average primary particle size (10-50 nm) and degree of agglomeration were controlled by varying the oxygen and precursor flow rates.

Limits of Couinaud's liver segment classification: a quantitative computer-based three-dimensional analysis.

Purpose: Traditionally, liver surgery relies on Couinaud's liver segment classification. As the position and shape of these segments are variable and their borders are hidden within the homogeneous liver mass, the accuracy of segment identification methods needs computer-aided reevaluation.

Method: The segmental liver anatomy of 23 patients receiving diagnostic helical CT scans because of suspected intrahepatic lesion was analyzed with the aid of a computer-based operation-planning system.