Cross-immunity against SARS-COV-2 variants of concern in naturally infected critically ill COVID-19 patients.

Critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 display adaptive immunity, but it is unknown if they develop cross-reactivity to variants of concern (VOCs). We profiled cross-immunity against SARS-CoV-2 VOCs in naturally infected, non-vaccinated, critically ill COVID-19 patients. Wave-1 patients (wild-type infection) were similar in demographics to Wave-3 patients (wild-type/alpha infection), but Wave-3 patients had higher illness severity.

Elevated vascular transformation blood biomarkers in Long-COVID indicate angiogenesis as a key pathophysiological mechanism.

Background: Long-COVID is characterized by prolonged, diffuse symptoms months after acute COVID-19. Accurate diagnosis and targeted therapies for Long-COVID are lacking. We investigated vascular transformation biomarkers in Long-COVID patients.

Characterization of Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 and Other Human Pathogenic Coronaviruses Using a Multiplex Bead-Based Immunoassay.

Serological assays that simultaneously detect antibodies to multiple targets of SARS-CoV-2 and to other structurally related coronaviruses provide a holistic picture of antibody response patterns. Well-validated multiplex immunoassays are scarce. Here, we evaluated the performance of an 11-plex serological assay capable of detecting antibodies directed to four antigenic targets of SARS-CoV-2 and to S1 proteins of other human pathogenic coronaviruses.

Detection and Profiling of Human Coronavirus Immunoglobulins in Critically Ill Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients.

Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 continues to spread worldwide with high levels of morbidity and mortality. We performed anticoronavirus immunoglobulin G profiling of critically ill coronavirus disease 2019 patients to better define their underlying humoral response.

Design: Blood was collected at predetermined ICU days to measure immunoglobulin G with a research multiplex assay against four severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 proteins/subunits and against all six additionally known human coronaviruses.

Multiplexing protein and gene level measurements on a single Luminex platform.

Background: The ability to simultaneously measure multiple secreted proteins and the corresponding gene expression levels from a single sample is valuable for comprehensive analysis. Bottlenecks to traditional immunoassays and gene expression assays include large sample consumption, time consuming experimental procedures, and complex data analysis.

Method And Results: Here, we demonstrate two high-throughput assays measuring both messenger RNA (mRNA) expression and proteins in a single sample run on a Luminex platform.