Cytotoxicity and Bioimmunological Activity of Poly(2-Isopropenyl-2-oxazoline) Conjugates with Ibuprofen Using 3D Reconstructed Tissue Models.

Poly(2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline) (PIPOx) represents a universal polymer platform with pendant 2-oxazoline groups, allowing the preparation of biomaterials for various biomedical applications. However, there is a lack of information on PIPOx concerning the effect of molar mass () on cytotoxicity and bioimmunological properties. Here, aqueous copper(0)-mediated reversible-deactivation radical polymerization (Cu-RDPR) was used for the preparation of PIPOx with defined and low dispersity.

A scan-specific quality control acquisition for clinical whole-body (WB) MRI protocols.

Image quality in whole-body MRI (WB-MRI) may be degraded by faulty radiofrequency (RF) coil elements or mispositioning of the coil arrays. Phantom-based quality control (QC) is used to identify broken RF coil elements but the frequency of these acquisitions is limited by scanner and staff availability. This work aimed to develop a scan-specific QC acquisition and processing pipeline to detect broken RF coil elements, which is sufficiently rapid to be added to the clinical WB-MRI protocol.

Aichivirus A1 replicates in human intestinal epithelium and bronchial tissue: Lung-gut axis?

The role of aichivirus A1 (AiV-A1) in acute gastroenteritis remains controversial and in vitro data illustrating its pathogenesis in suitable human models are scarce. Here, we demonstrate that AiV-A1 isolate A846/88 replicates in ApoA1- (absorptive) and Ki-67-positive (proliferative) enterocytes in stem cell-derived human small intestinal epithelium (HIE) as well as in patient biopsy samples, but not in any of the tested human cell lines. The infection did not result in tissue damage and did not trigger type I and type III interferon (IFN) signalling, whereas the control, human coxsackievirus B3 (strain Nancy), triggered both IFNs.

An extensive review on phenolic compounds and their potential estrogenic properties on skin physiology.

Polyphenolic compounds constitute a diverse group of natural components commonly occurring in various plant species, known for their potential to exert both beneficial and detrimental effects. Additionally, these polyphenols have also been implicated as endocrine-disrupting (ED) chemicals, raising concerns about their widespread use in the cosmetics industry. In this comprehensive review, we focus on the body of literature pertaining to the estrogenic properties of ED chemicals, with a particular emphasis on the interaction of isoflavones with estrogen receptors.

A multiparametric alternative to short inversion-time inversion recovery for imaging inflammation: T and fat fraction measurement using chemical shift-encoded turbo spin-echo MRI.

Purpose: Short-inversion-time inversion-recovery MRI is used widely for imaging bone and soft-tissue inflammation in rheumatic inflammatory diseases, but there is no widely available quantitative equivalent of this sequence. This limits our ability to objectively assess inflammation and distinguish it from other processes. To address this, we investigate the use of the widely available Dixon turbo spin echo (TSE Dixon) sequence as a practical approach to simultaneous water-specific T (T ) and fat fraction (FF) measurement.

Steps on the Path to Clinical Translation: A workshop by the British and Irish Chapter of the ISMRM.

The British and Irish Chapter of the International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (BIC-ISMRM) held a workshop entitled "Steps on the path to clinical translation" in Cardiff, UK, on 7th September 2022. The aim of the workshop was to promote discussion within the MR community about the problems and potential solutions for translating quantitative MR (qMR) imaging and spectroscopic biomarkers into clinical application and drug studies. Invited speakers presented the perspectives of radiologists, radiographers, clinical physicists, vendors, imaging Contract/Clinical Research Organizations (CROs), open science networks, metrologists, imaging networks, and those developing consensus methods.

Dynamics of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Plasticity: What Have Single-Cell Investigations Elucidated So Far?

Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP) is a key driver of cancer metastasis and therapeutic resistance, through which cancer cells can reversibly and dynamically alter their molecular and functional traits along the epithelial-mesenchymal spectrum. While cells in the epithelial phenotype are usually tightly adherent, less metastatic, and drug-sensitive, those in the hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal and/or mesenchymal state are more invasive, migratory, drug-resistant, and immune-evasive. Single-cell studies have emerged as a powerful tool in gaining new insights into the dynamics of EMP across various cancer types.

Carbon nanotube-decorated hierarchical porous nickel/carbon hybrid derived from nickel-based metal-organic framework for enhanced methyl blue adsorption.

This work reports the incorporation of coordinated water into Ni-BTC nanorods (Ni-BTC-O) which induces their structural transformation to Ni-BTC nanofibres (Ni-BTC-F). The carbonization of the Ni-BTC nanofibres at 600 °C results in the formation of carbon nanotube (CNT)-decorated hierarchical porous nickel/carbon hybrid (labelled as Ni/C-600) with enlarged pores. In contrast, the Ni/C hybrid obtained from the carbonization of the original (unmodified) Ni-BTC nanorods (Ni-BTC-O) at 600 °C (labelled as Ni-BTC-O-600) exhibits smaller pore size and does not show the formation of CNTs.

Effects of Proteases from Pineapple and Papaya on Protein Digestive Capacity and Gut Microbiota in Healthy C57BL/6 Mice and Dose-Manner Response on Mucosal Permeability in Human Reconstructed Intestinal 3D Tissue Model.

Cysteine proteases obtained from the stem of pineapple or papaya latex, bromelain and papain, respectively, exhibit a broad spectrum of beneficial effects on human health. However, their effects on gut microbiota composition or dose-manner effects on the intestinal integrity of healthy tissue have not been evaluated. In this study, C57BL/6 young, healthy mice were fed bromelain or papain in a dose of 1 mg per animal/day for three consecutive days, followed by the assessment of digestive protein capacity, intestinal morphology and gut microbiota composition.

Innovative In Vitro Strategy for Assessing Aluminum Bioavailability in Oral Care Cosmetics.

Aluminum is an element found in nature and in cosmetic products. It can interfere with the metabolism of other cations, thus inducing gastrointestinal disorder. In cosmetics, aluminum is used in antiperspirants, lipsticks, and toothpastes.

Vessel wall magnetic resonance and arterial spin labelling imaging in the management of presumed inflammatory intracranial arterial vasculopathy.

Optimal criteria for diagnosing and monitoring response to treatment for infectious and inflammatory medium-large vessel intracranial vasculitis presenting with stroke are lacking. We integrated intracranial vessel wall MRI with arterial spin labelling into our routine clinical stroke pathway to detect presumed inflammatory intracranial arterial vasculopathy, and monitor disease activity, in patients with clinical stroke syndromes. We used predefined standardized radiological criteria to define vessel wall enhancement, and all imaging findings were rated blinded to clinical details.

Laparoscopic diagnosis of idiopathic left ovarian vein thrombosis in a 27-year-old woman.

Idiopathic left ovarian vein thrombosis was diagnosed in a 27-year-old woman at the time of a diagnostic laparoscopy performed because of a suspected ovarian torsion. The diagnosis was confirmed by abdominal computed tomography scanning. Subsequent magnetic resonance imaging showed no signs of an abdominal or pelvic mass nor enlarged lymph nodes.

Characterization of COVID-19 outbreaks in three nursing homes during the first wave in Berlin, Germany.

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) belongs to the coronavirus family and is characterized by its high transmission competence. Elderly COVID-19 patients are at significantly higher risk of severe course of disease and death. Therefore, outbreaks in nursing homes are particularly challenging for facility managers and health authorities.

Geographic Expansion of Banana Blood Disease in Southeast Asia.

Blood disease in bananas caused by subsp. is a bacterial wilt causing significant crop losses in Indonesia and Malaysia. Disease symptoms include wilting of the plant and red-brown vascular staining, internal rot, and discoloration of green banana fruit.

The results of multigene panel sequencing in Slovak HBOC families.

Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) is primarily associated with mutations in the BRCA1/2 genes. However, causal variants in other high, moderate, and low penetrance genes proportionally increase the risk of breast/ovarian cancer. This study aims to provide data about the mutation spectrum of HBOC-associated genes in Slovak HBOC families and estimate the ratio of BRCA versus non-BRCA causal variants.

Wilkie's Weight Loss Wonder, A Case Series.

Introduction: Wilkie's Syndrome, also known as Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome (SMAS), is a rare cause of bowel obstruction that can contribute to vague abdominal symptoms on clinical presentation. This syndrome occurs when the aortomesenteric angle decreases, compressing the third portion of the duodenum between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery. An acute decrease in the mesenteric fat pad cushion between these two blood vessels is the primary etiology, although other causes (e.

Human small intestinal organotypic culture model for drug permeation, inflammation, and toxicity assays.

The gastrointestinal tract (GIT), in particular, the small intestine, plays a significant role in food digestion, fluid and electrolyte transport, drug absorption and metabolism, and nutrient uptake. As the longest portion of the GIT, the small intestine also plays a vital role in protecting the host against pathogenic or opportunistic microbial invasion. However, establishing polarized intestinal tissue models in vitro that reflect the architecture and physiology of the gut has been a challenge for decades and the lack of translational models that predict human responses has impeded research in the drug absorption, metabolism, and drug-induced gastrointestinal toxicity space.

Arterial Spin Labeling MRI in Carotid Stenosis: Arterial Transit Artifacts May Predict Symptoms.

BackgroundStenosis of the internal carotid artery has a higher risk for stroke. Many investigations have focused on structure and plaque composition as signs of plaque vulnerability, but few studies have analyzed hemodynamic changes in the brain as a risk factor.PurposeTo use 3-T MRI methods including contrast material-enhanced MR angiography, carotid plaque imaging, and arterial spin labeling (ASL) to identify imaging parameters that best help distinguish between asymptomatic and symptomatic participants with carotid stenosis.

Exogenous intoxication by non-prescribed use of vitamin D, a case report.

Background: This case report, unlike the current literature related to vitamin D intoxication, aims to highlight the risk of self-medication, and how publicity boosts the acquisition of vitamins for different purposes, increasing consumption with no professional indication or supervision. This practice can pose a serious health risk to the population.

Case Presentation: Our patient, a brazilian retired 64-year-old female, presented to the emergency service with post-prandial food vomiting of undigested content and stabbing abdominal pain with worsening during palpation.

Treatment strategies for anterior cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome in children: A systematic review.

Background: Anterior cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome (ACNES) is a frequently overlooked cause of chronic abdominal pain in children. Currently, both nonsurgical and surgical treatment options are available to treat this disease. The objective was to give insight into the success rate of different treatment strategies for children with ACNES, and provide treatment recommendations for physicians based on the published evidence.