[Professional burnout of medical workers: approaches to detection and prevention].

The specificity of the medical profession, which involves constant communication with sufferers and their loved ones; the need to quickly master rapidly developing medical technologies and the digital environment; organizational and economic changes in the healthcare system that are increasingly intensifying the work of medical workers create a risk of expanding the scope and aggravation of the problem of professional burnout. The article presents an analysis of approaches to identifying signs and classifying the stages of professional burnout among medical workers, as well as methods for preventing and relieving this syndrome in domestic and foreign practice. In addition, the results of two mass surveys of medical specialists employed in the Moscow healthcare system, conducted at five-year intervals, are presented.

[The effect of value orientations of physicians on satisfaction of patients with medical care quality in conditions of uncertainty].

The COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic significantly impacted processes of medical care support and medical personnel and managers. The article presents analysis of results of three-year (2019-2022) studying level of loyalty of legal representatives of patients of one of Moscow children polyclinics. The study covered both legal representatives of patients (more than 190,000 assessments collected over entire observation period) and randomly selected district pediatricians (n=31).

Strategies in Surgical Salvage: Navigating a Chest Wall Sarcoma Emergency.

Soft tissue sarcomas arising from the chest wall are an extremely rare entity. They are classified as mesenchymal tumors of varying aggression. It is this unpredictable behavior that makes them an unexpected hurdle even for experienced surgeons.

Anatomical Features and Morphometric Characteristics of the Sphenoidal Sinus in MRI Studies.

Differential access to pathological sellar processes and adjacent regions is determined by the anatomic structures identified through diagnostic imaging. Both direct endonasal access (microscopic or endoscopic) and sublabial access utilize the sphenoid sinus (SS) as the primary surgical pathway. Critical factors include the pneumatization of the sinus, its intermediate septa, and the presence of a double wall, consisting of a connective tissue membrane along the dorsal wall of the SS.

Primary pleomorphic breast sarcoma - a case report.

Primary mammary sarcomas are very rare, histologically heterogeneous non-epithelial malignant neoplasms. Primary undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma is a rare malignant mesenchymal tumor in the breast. It is characterized by marked cellular atypism and pleomorphism.

Unusual Presentation of Thoracic Epidural Ewing Sarcoma in a 20-Year-Old Patient: A Case Report.

The aim of this case report is to present a rare case of epidural Ewing sarcoma with spinal cord compression, which is an uncommon presentation of this tumor. Ewing's sarcoma is a primary malignant tumor predominantly affecting individuals in their second decade of life, primarily impacting those aged 10 to 25, with the average age of onset being around 20 years. Epidemiological studies reveal that this cancer most commonly arises in the diaphyses of the long tubular bones in the lower extremities.

Secretory Meningioma of the Right Frontal Lobe: Clinical Presentation and Pathological Insights.

This article presents a case study of a rare convexity meningioma located in the frontal lobe of the right cerebellar hemisphere. Meningiomas comprise a substantial part of central nervous system neoplasms and are classified into benign, atypical, or anaplastic categories, each encompassing a variety of histological subtypes, among which the secretory meningioma is notably rare. A 77-year-old male presented with a clinical history of headache, impaired memory functions, an initial form of apathetic-abulic syndrome, and a single seizure, which were considered to be indicative of epileptic symptoms that had been present for several weeks.

Cystic Anomaly Manifestation Within the Axillary Fossa: A Case Report of Clinical Significance.

Ganglion cysts represent a small group of lesions that can arise from almost any joint in the body. Demonstrating a predilection for the joints in the hand and wrist, ganglion cysts in the glenohumeral joint are extremely rare. Due to the vivid array of masses that can be found in the axillary fossa, forming a free-from-error work-up to the correct diagnosis can be quite confounding.

Symptomatic Tornwaldt Cyst: A Case Report.

Thornwaldt cyst is a rare cystic formation, located along the midline of the nasopharynx. We present the case of a 60-year-old man with impaired nasal breathing and a several months-long history of serous otitis media. His only concomitant disease was arterial hypertension.

Diagnostic Challenges of Sinonasal Pleomorphic Adenoma.

Pleomorphic adenomas (PAs) are benign tumors of the salivary glands. Rarely, they arise in the sinonasal cavity, presenting as well-defined, homogeneous soft tissue masses, causing expansive bony changes. The significance of PAs is the possibility of giving rise to malignant carcinoma - "carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma" (CXPA).

Expression of HIF-1α, Ki67, SMA and E-cadherin in endometriosis, endometrial and ovarian carcinoma.

Endometriosis is a benign gynecological condition that shares many characteristics with cancer cells, including immune evasion, survival, adhesion, invasion, and angiogenesis. The simultaneous investigation of tissue hypoxia, EMT, and proliferative index in endometriosis, endometrial, and ovarian carcinomas may provide new insight into the evolution and progression of gynecological neoplasms.

Expression of Snail and Twist compared with clinical and pathological parameters in patients with gastric cancer.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process of change in the cellular phenotype from epithelial to mesenchymal morphology. The changes at the cellular level can explain the great heterogeneity and plasticity in the different histological subtypes of gastric carcinomas, which causes difficulties in therapy. In it, epithelial cells reduce intercellular adhesion, which is crucial in the process of invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinomas.

Structural and Functional Organization of Visual Responses in the Inferior Olive of Larval Zebrafish.

The olivo-cerebellar system plays an important role in vertebrate sensorimotor control. Here, we investigate sensory representations in the inferior olive (IO) of larval zebrafish and their spatial organization. Using single-cell labeling of genetically identified IO neurons, we find that they can be divided into at least two distinct groups based on their spatial location, dendritic morphology, and axonal projection patterns.

[The loyalty of patients during coronavirus period: investigation experience in the metropolitan children polyclinic].

Two years after COVID-19 pandemic starting, the studies of patient satisfaction with medical services quality become topical again. The article presents the results of three-year project (2019-2022) of studying level of loyalty (Net Promoter Score) of legal representatives of patients of one of municipal children polyclinics. It is established that in Moscow, with implementation of first restrictive measures level of loyalty in the children polyclinic increased from 45% to 70%.

The Melanocortin System: A Promising Target for the Development of New Antidepressant Drugs.

Major depression is one of the most prevalent mental disorders, causing significant human suffering and socioeconomic loss. Since conventional antidepressants are not sufficiently effective, there is an urgent need to develop new antidepressant medications. Despite marked advances in the neurobiology of depression, the etiology and pathophysiology of this disease remain poorly understood.

Sleep apnea in patients with exacerbated heart failure and overweight.

Sleep disorders are a common concomitant comorbidity in patients with heart failure. The aims of our study are to determine the incidence and phenotypic characteristics of sleep apnea in overweight patients with exacerbated heart failure and to assess the degree of involvement of systolic and diastolic function impairment in the individual group. From 100 screened patients with heart failure in our department from 2015 to 2017, 61 met the inclusion criteria and participated in the study.

[SELF-PRESERVING BEHAVIOR OF YOUNG MUSCOVITES: ATTITUDES, PRACTICES, PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTATION].

The self-preserving behavior of young people is of particular interest, since the prospects for the reproduction of the population and the development of the economy depend on it. The article presents the results of a sociological study of the self-preservation behavior of young residents of Moscow, many of whom came from Russian regions. There were studied the ideas of young people about the role of lifestyle in ensuring health and longevity, the meaning and obligatory nature of take care of health, the influence of primary socialization and the current social environment, as well as models of behavior in terms of combining work and rest, eating habits, physical activity, seeking medical help.

Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress Model of Depression: Possible Sources of Poor Reproducibility and Latent Variables.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most common mood disorders worldwide. A lack of understanding of the exact neurobiological mechanisms of depression complicates the search for new effective drugs. Animal models are an important tool in the search for new approaches to the treatment of this disorder.

Sucrose Preference Test as a Measure of Anhedonic Behavior in a Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress Model of Depression: Outstanding Issues.

Despite numerous studies on the neurobiology of depression, the etiological and pathophysiological mechanisms of this disorder remain poorly understood. A large number of animal models and tests to evaluate depressive-like behavior have been developed. Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) is the most common and frequently used model of depression, and the sucrose preference test (SPT) is one of the most common tests for assessing anhedonia.

HLDF-6 peptides exhibit neuroprotective effects in the experimental model of preclinical Parkinson's disease.

The mechanisms of the neuroprotective action of the hexapeptides HLDF-6 encoded by the amino acid sequence 41-46 of Human Leukemia Differentiation Factor and its homoserine derivative HLDF-6H were studied in an experimental 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced model of Parkinson's disease (PD). C57Bl/6 mice received two intraperitoneal injections of 18 mg/kg MPTP-HCl, with an interval of 2 hours. MPTP-induced motor dysfunction was assessed using horizontal grid test.

Upregulation of PARG in prostate cancer cells suppresses their malignant behavior and downregulates tumor-promoting genes.

Post-translational modification of nuclear proteins through the addition of poly(ADP-ribose) (pADPr) moieties is upregulated in many metastatic cancers, where the high levels of pADPr have often been associated with poor cancer prognosis. Although the inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) have been utilized as potent anti-cancer agents, their efficacy in clinical trials varied among patient groups and has often been unpredictable. Such outcome cannot be interpreted solely by the inability to keep PARP-driven DNA repair in check.