Prelaminated Nose Reconstruction: Comparison of Forehead and Radial Donor Site and Review of the Literature.

Introduction: Total nose reconstruction is demanding as it is a 3-dimensional structure that needs lining, support and external coverage. Usually, several stages are needed to achieve a satisfactory result. The authors present 2 cases of prelaminated radial forearm and 2 prelaminated forehead nose reconstructions and compare both methods.

Assessment of Intranasal Function of the Trigeminal Nerve in Daily Clinical Practice.

Background: The trigeminal nerve is a mixed cranial nerve responsible for the motor innervation of the masticatory muscles and the sensory innervation of the face, including the nasal cavities. Through its nasal innervation, we perceive sensations, such as cooling, tingling, and burning, while the trigeminal system mediates the perception of airflow. However, the intranasal trigeminal system has received little attention in the clinical evaluation of patients with nasal pathology.

Olfactory training with four and eight odors: comparison with clinical testing and olfactory bulb volumetrics.

Purpose: Post-infectious olfactory dysfunction (PIOD) is one of the most common causes of olfactory impairment but has limited treatment options. Recently, olfactory training (OT) has been considered an effective treatment method; however, several questions have arisen regarding its optimal scheme. The aim of this study was to assess whether an OT scheme with 8 odors is more effective than the classic OT scheme with 4 odors by comparing psychophysical test results and olfactory bulb (OB) volumetrics.

Nasal Valve Management in Rhinoseptoplasty.

To provide a detailed description and evaluation of therapeutic techniques for the management of nasal valve in rhinoseptoplasty. An extensive review of the international bibliography has been conducted to highlight published articles on nasal valve pathology and therapeutic measures to address it. To date, many techniques have been described for increasing the cross-sectional area of the nasal valve.

The effectiveness and safety of sialendoscopy for sialolithiasis in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Sialendoscopy is a new, minimally invasive method that is becoming increasingly more popular than traditional methods for the treatment of sialolithiasis. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the effectiveness and safety of this method in children with sialolithiasis are investigated.

Methods: Inclusion criteria were children with sialolithiasis.

Benign thyroid nodules respond to a single administration of 0.3mg recombinant human thyrotropin with highly variable volume increase.

Introduction: The nature of thyroid nodules is heterogenous. Most of them are benign and, in the absence of pressure symptoms of adjunct structures, no treatment is needed. Our objective was to investigate the acute effects of a low dose of recombinant human TSH (rhTSH) on the volume of benign thyroid nodules.

Shifting gears: Study of immune system parameters of male habitual marathon runners.

Aim: Marathon is a running event in which athletes must cover a distance of 42.195 km. In addition to participating in marathons, marathoners have incorporated extensive running into their lifestyle.

Extratemporal facial nerve branching patterns: systematic review of 1497 cases.

Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to analyse the complex anatomy of the extratemporal portion of the facial nerve with an accurate description of the branching patterns based on the Davis classification.

Method: Medline, ScienceDirect and the Cochrane Library databases as well as other sources were searched by two independent reviewers.

Results: Analysis of 21 studies with a total of 1497 cases showed that type III is the most common branching pattern accounting for 26.

Association between white matter lesions and Parkinson's disease: an impact on Postural/Gait difficulty phenotype and cognitive performance.

Background: White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) may be observed on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in patients with Parkinson disease with or without vascular risk factors. Whether WMHs may influence motor and non-motor aspects of Parkinson disease is a subject of debate. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of WMH severity on various aspects of Parkinson disease in combination to the estimation of the impact of cerebrovascular risk factors.

The effectiveness of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on the final outcome of patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

Purpose: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of the combination of systemic steroids (SS) and hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL).

Materials And Methods: Fifty patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss were allocated into 2 groups: the control group received Dexamethasone IV (SS) and the therapy group received Dexamethasone IV combined with 15 sessions of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (SS + HBOT) as initial treatment. Hearing assessment was performed at the admission to hospital and 3 months after the onset of treatment.

Role of spreader flaps in primary rhinoplasty, functional and aesthetic outcomes: a systematic review.

Background: The standard treatment for reconstructing the middle vault of the nose is to use spreader grafts. Recently, an alternative technique using spreader flaps has become widely accepted.

Methodology: A literature search was performed in MEDLINE, Science Direct, the Cochrane Library and multiple trial registries.

Sarcoma in a Patient with Laryngeal Papillomatosis: A Case Report.

Introduction: Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is classically described as a benign neoplasm of the larynx. Nevertheless, transformation to dysplasia and invasive carcinoma can occur. Sarcoma of the larynx is rare.

Sphenoidotomy kinetics in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps.

Objective: Stenosed sphenoid sinus ostia are among the most common findings in revision endoscopic sinus surgery. This study sought to identify the optimal intraoperative sphenoidotomy size for prevention of postoperative stenosis.

Methods: 32 patients affected by chronic rhinosinusitis not associated with nasal polyps (CRSsNP) underwent 52 sphenoidotomies.

Primary Inverted Papilloma of the Middle Ear.

Primary middle ear inverted papilloma is an exceedingly rare finding posing a diagnostic challenge, as symptomatology often mimics common clinical entities like serous otitis media. Clinical and radiological findings are not specific, whilst high recurrence rates, local destruction, and potential malignant transformation constitute an overall demanding surgical challenge, requiring aggressive procedures. We report the case of a primary inverted papilloma of the middle ear, discussing diagnostic and therapeutic issues.

Improving the prediction of persistent and recurrent differentiated thyroid cancer using the American Thyroid Association 2015 risk stratification system.

Purpose: The 2015 American Thyroid Association risk stratification system (ATA RSS) is used in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) to assess their risk of persistent/recurrent disease. Our aims were to validate the 2015 ATA RSS in a registry of DTC patients and to examine whether the addition of factors not included in it, such as pre-radioactive iodine therapy stimulated thyroglobulin (pre-RAI sTg), gender, and age could increase its predictive ability.

Methods: We studied 403 patients with DTC, treated at a tertiary center from 1990 to 2018 and subjected to total thyroidectomy.

Multiple Tracheal Diverticula in a COVID-19 Positive Patient.

A tracheal diverticulum is a type of paratracheal air cyst and is usually an incidental finding after a computed tomography scan of the neck and thorax. With an incidence between 1% and 4% in adults, tracheal diverticula are rare entities that can be symptomatic in certain cases. We present a case of a COVID-19 positive patient who presented to our hospital and was diagnosed with multiple tracheal diverticula during his hospitalization.