Evaluating Foodborne Cyclosporiasis Using Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network and Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System Data, 2015-2019.

Cyclosporiasis has been a nationally notifiable disease in the United States since 1999, and cases have increased in recent years. We evaluated characteristics of U.S.

Intake of Energy Drinks Before and During Pregnancy and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes.

Importance: Consumption of energy drinks has increased drastically in recent years, particularly among young people. It is unknown whether intake of energy drinks is associated with health during pregnancy.

Objective: To examine associations of energy drink intake before and during pregnancy with risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs).

Demographic and behavioural correlates of energy drink consumption.

Objective: Energy drinks are consumed for a variety of reasons, including to boost mental alertness and energy. We assessed associations between demographic factors and various high-risky behaviours with energy drink consumption as they may be linked to adverse health events.

Design: We conducted cross-sectional analysis including basic descriptive and multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analyses to characterise demographic and behavioural factors (including diet quality, binge drinking and illicit drug use, among others obtained via questionnaires) in relation to energy drink consumption.

Associations of body mass index and waist circumference with risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome in women and men: A prospective analysis of three cohort studies.

Background: The association of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) has been inconsistent in previous studies.

Methods: We examined the associations of BMI and WC in relation to risk of GBS among 252,980 participants from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS), NHS-II, and the Health Professional Follow-up Study (HPFS). BMI and WC were assessed by self-reported questionnaire, and GBS cases were self-reported.

Risk factors for seropositivity in the Old Order Amish.

Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is an important human disease-causing parasite. In the USA, T.

Distribution of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes Across Salmonella enterica Isolates from Animal and Nonanimal Foods.

Abstract: Antimicrobial-resistant bacteria are a major public health problem. Of particular importance in the context of food safety is the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes within nontyphoidal Salmonella, which is a leading bacterial cause of foodborne disease. We determined the prevalence of AMR genes across a very large number of Salmonella genomes (n = 25,647) collected from isolates from 16 common food sources.

Caffeinated energy drinks: adverse event reports to the US Food and Drug Administration and the National Poison Data System, 2008 to 2015.

Objective: To describe and compare caffeinated energy drink adverse event (AE) report/exposure call data from the US Food and Drug Administration Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition's Adverse Event Reporting System (CAERS) and the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS).

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: Data were evaluated from US-based CAERS reports and NPDS exposure calls, including report/exposure call year, age, sex, location, single v.

How Often Are Drugs Made Available Under the Food and Drug Administration's Expanded Access Process Approved?

In this review of individual patient expanded-access requests to the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research for the period Fiscal Year 2010 to Fiscal Year 2014, we evaluated the number of applications received and the number allowed to proceed. We also evaluated whether drugs and certain biologics obtained under expanded access went on to be approved by the Food and Drug Administration. Finally, we considered concerns that adverse events occurring during expanded access might place sponsors at risk for legal liability.