(R)evolution of Viruses: Introduction to biothermodynamics of viruses.

As of 26 April 2024, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses has registered 14690 virus species. Of these, only several dozen have been chemically and thermodynamically characterized. Every virus species is characterized by a specific empirical formula and thermodynamic properties - enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs energy.

Biothermodynamics of Hemoglobin and Red Blood Cells: Analysis of Structure and Evolution of Hemoglobin and Red Blood Cells, Based on Molecular and Empirical Formulas, Biosynthesis Reactions, and Thermodynamic Properties of Formation and Biosynthesis.

Hemoglobin and red blood cells (erythrocytes) have been studied extensively from the perspective of life and biomedical sciences. However, no analysis of hemoglobin and red blood cells from the perspective of chemical thermodynamics has been reported in the literature. Such an analysis would provide an insight into their structure and turnover from the aspect of biothermodynamics and bioenergetics.

Modified Titanium Surface with Nano Amorphous Calcium Phosphate@Chitosan Oligolactate as Ion Loading Platform with Multifunctional Properties for Potential Biomedical Application.

Titanium (Ti) is widely used in medical and dental implants. Calcium phosphate (CPs) coatings enhance Ti implants' osteoinductive properties, and additives further improve these coatings. Recently, a nano amorphous calcium phosphate (nACP) coating decorated with chitosan oligolactate (ChOL) and selenium (Se) showed immunomodulatory effects.

Animal bioenergetics: Thermodynamic and kinetic analysis of growth and metabolism of Anguilla anguilla.

Bioenergetics and biothermodynamics are valuable tools in research on growth and metabolic processes of a wide range of organisms, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, algae and plants, as is shown by the many publications on this topic in the literature. These studies provide insight into growth and metabolism of individual species, as well as interactions between species, like the virus-host interaction (infection) and virus-virus interaction (competition). However, this approach has not yet been applied to animal species.

XBB.1.5 Kraken cracked: Gibbs energies of binding and biosynthesis of the XBB.1.5 variant of SARS-CoV-2.

The SARS-CoV-2 Hydra with many heads (variants) has been causing the COVID-19 pandemic for 3 years. The appearance of every new head (SARS-CoV-2 variant) causes a new pandemic wave. The last in the series is the XBB.