Tracing State Structure for Ecological Processes in Soil Including Greenhouse Gas Exchange with Lower Atmosphere.

Exploring data aids in the comprehension of the dataset and the system's essence. Various approaches exist for managing numerous sensors. This study perceives operational states to clarify the physical dynamics within a soil environment.

Aerobic methane production in Scots pine shoots is independent of drought or photosynthesis.

Shoot-level emissions of aerobically produced methane (CH) may be an overlooked source of tree-derived CH, but insufficient understanding of the interactions between their environmental and physiological drivers still prevents the reliable upscaling of canopy CH fluxes. We utilised a novel automated chamber system to continuously measure CH fluxes from the shoots of Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine) saplings under drought to investigate how canopy CH fluxes respond to the drought-induced alterations in their physiological processes and to isolate the shoot-level production of CH from soil-derived transport and photosynthesis. We found that aerobic CH emissions are not affected by the drought-induced stress, changes in physiological processes, or decrease in photosynthesis.

Radiation and temperature drive diurnal variation of aerobic methane emissions from Scots pine canopy.

Methane emissions from plant foliage may play an important role in the global methane cycle, but their size and the underlying source processes remain poorly understood. Here, we quantify methane fluxes from the shoots of Scots pine trees, a dominant tree species in boreal forests, to identify source processes and environmental drivers, and we evaluate whether these fluxes can be constrained at the ecosystem-level by eddy covariance flux measurements. We show that shoot-level measurements conducted in forest, garden, or greenhouse settings; on mature trees and saplings; manually and with an automated CO-, temperature-, and water-controlled chamber system; and with multiple methane analyzers all resulted in comparable daytime fluxes (0.

Soil GHG dynamics after water level rise - Impacts of selection harvesting in peatland forests.

Managed boreal peatlands are widespread and economically important, but they are a large source of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Peatland GHG emissions are related to soil water-table level (WT), which controls the vertical distribution of aerobic and anaerobic processes and, consequently, sinks and sources of GHGs in soils. On forested peatlands, selection harvesting reduces stand evapotranspiration and it has been suggested that the resulting WT rise decreases soil net emissions, while the tree growth is maintained.

Solar radiation drives methane emissions from the shoots of Scots pine.

Plants are recognized as sources of aerobically produced methane (CH ), but the seasonality, environmental drivers and significance of CH emissions from the canopies of evergreen boreal trees remain poorly understood. We measured the CH fluxes from the shoots of Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine) and Picea abies (Norway spruce) saplings in a static, non-steady-state chamber setup to investigate if the shoots of boreal conifers are a source of CH during spring. We found that the shoots of Scots pine emitted CH and these emissions correlated with the photosynthetically active radiation.

Restoration of nutrient-rich forestry-drained peatlands poses a risk for high exports of dissolved organic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus.

Restoration impact of forestry-drained peatlands on runoff water quality and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nutrient export was studied. Eight catchments were included: three mesotrophic (one undrained control, two treatments), two ombrotrophic (one drained control, one treatment) and three oligotrophic catchments (one undrained control, two treatments). Three calibration years and four post-restoration years were included in the data from seven catchments, for which runoff was recorded.