Geographic risk assessment of Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans invasion in Costa Rica as a means of informing emergence management and mitigation.

Remotely-sensed risk assessments of emerging, invasive pathogens are key to targeted surveillance and outbreak responses. The recent emergence and spread of the fungal pathogen, Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal), in Europe has negatively impacted multiple salamander species. Scholars and practitioners are increasingly concerned about the potential consequences of this lethal pathogen in the Americas, where salamander biodiversity is higher than anywhere else in the world.

Nipocalimab in Early-Onset Severe Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn.

Background: In early-onset severe hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN), transplacental transfer of maternal antierythrocyte IgG alloantibodies causes fetal anemia that leads to the use of high-risk intrauterine transfusions in order to avoid fetal hydrops and fetal death. Nipocalimab, an anti-neonatal Fc receptor blocker, inhibits transplacental IgG transfer and lowers maternal IgG levels.

Methods: In an international, open-label, single-group, phase 2 study, we assessed treatment with intravenous nipocalimab (30 or 45 mg per kilogram of body weight per week) administered from 14 to 35 weeks' gestation in participants with pregnancies at high risk for recurrent early-onset severe HDFN.

An Ethical Analysis of Therapy for Severe Congenital Kidney and Urinary Tract Anomalies.

Technological advancements before and after delivery have greatly altered the counseling of pregnant patients facing a fetal diagnosis of severe oligohydramnios or anhydramnios secondary to congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract. Once considered a nearly uniformly lethal abnormality, long-term survival may now be possible secondary to prenatal innovations aimed at restoring the amniotic fluid volume and the availability of more advanced neonatal dialysis techniques. However, these available therapies are far from perfect.

Patient Survey Regarding Non-Medical Burdens of Care at a Parental Fetal Care Center.

Recognizing the paucity of literature describing the non-medical effects of care at a tertiary parental fetal care center upon families, the purpose of the study was to better examine the potential barriers that our patients face related to care in a parental fetal care center. An anonymous survey was sent via email to patients who received care from 2015 to 2021. The survey included questions regarding demographics, fetal diagnoses, non-medical expenses related to care, and the impact of care on patient relationships, employment, and other children.

Multidisciplinary approach to the diagnosis of Contracaecum magnipapillatum infections in Australian black noddies, Anous minutus (Charadriiformes: Laridae).

We provide the incidental necropsy findings associated with anisakid nematode infections of black noddy terns, Anous minutus Boie, 1844 (Charadriiformes: Laridae), from offshore islands in the southern Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, Australia. Specimens collected from the proventriculi were identified morphologically as Contracaecum magnipapillatum Chapin, 1925 (Rhabditida: Anisakidae), using light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The entire nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region (ITS1-5.

Association of amnioinfusion volume at the time of surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome and latency to delivery.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of amnioinfusion and other peri-operative factors on pregnancy outcomes in the setting of Twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) treated via fetoscopic laser photocoagulation (FLP).

Methods: Retrospective study of TTTS treated via FLP from 2010 to 2019. Pregnancies were grouped by amnioinfusion volume during FLP (<1 L vs.

Anti-C1s humanized monoclonal antibody SAR445088: A classical pathway complement inhibitor specific for the active form of C1s.

The objective of this study was to characterize the complement-inhibiting activity of SAR445088, a novel monoclonal antibody specific for the active form of C1s. Wieslab® and hemolytic assays were used to demonstrate that SAR445088 is a potent, selective inhibitor of the classical pathway of complement. Specificity for the active form of C1s was confirmed in a ligand binding assay.

Assembly and operation of an imaging system for long-term monitoring of bioluminescent and fluorescent reporters in plants.

Background: Non-invasive reporter systems are powerful tools to query physiological and transcriptional responses in organisms. For example, fluorescent and bioluminescent reporters have revolutionized cellular and organismal assays and have been used to study plant responses to abiotic and biotic stressors. Integrated, cooled charge-coupled device (CCD) camera systems have been developed to image bioluminescent and fluorescent signals in a variety of organisms; however, these integrated long-term imaging systems are expensive.

Fetal and Neonatal Reticulocyte Count Response to Intrauterine Transfusion for the Treatment of Red Blood Cell Alloimmunization.

Management of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn relies on monitoring of maternal antibody titers, fetal ultrasound, and fetal middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity studies and is generally treated by intrauterine transfusion (IUT). Few studies have explored fetal and neonate physiological responses to IUT. Our objective was to examine fetal erythropoietic response and to examine neonatal erythropoietic effects after treatment.

Detecting spatially co-expressed gene clusters with functional coherence by graph-regularized convolutional neural network.

Motivation: Clustering spatial-resolved gene expression is an essential analysis to reveal gene activities in the underlying morphological context by their functional roles. However, conventional clustering analysis does not consider gene expression co-localizations in tissue for detecting spatial expression patterns or functional relationships among the genes for biological interpretation in the spatial context. In this article, we present a convolutional neural network (CNN) regularized by the graph of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network to cluster spatially resolved gene expression.

Complete cysteine-scanning mutagenesis of the Salmonella typhimurium melibiose permease.

The melibiose permease of Salmonella typhimurium (MelB) catalyzes the stoichiometric symport of galactopyranoside with a cation (H, Li, or Na) and is a prototype for Na-coupled major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporters presenting from bacteria to mammals. X-ray crystal structures of MelB have revealed the molecular recognition mechanism for sugar binding; however, understanding of the cation site and symport mechanism is still vague. To further investigate the transport mechanism and conformational dynamics of MelB, we generated a complete single-Cys library containing 476 unique mutants by placing a Cys at each position on a functional Cys-less background.

Abiotic stress through time.

Throughout plant evolution the circadian clock has expanded into a complex signaling network, coordinating physiological and metabolic processes with the environment. Early land plants faced new environmental pressures that required energy-demanding stress responses. Integrating abiotic stress response into the circadian system provides control over daily energy expenditure.

Cascade Programming for 10 kHz Spinal Cord Stimulation: A Single Center Case Series of 114 Patients With Neuropathic Back and Leg Pain.

Objective: Ten kilohertz spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is usually initiated in a single-bipolar configuration over the radiological reference point T9/T10 intervertebral disc space for neuropathic back and leg pain. Cascade is a duty-cycled, multi-bipolar contact configuration across an entire eight-contact lead. Potential advantages by using a broader area of SCS coverage include mitigation against minor lead migration and a reduction in the need for reprogramming.

Activating the Growth of High Surface Area Alumina Using a Liquid Galinstan Alloy.

The growth of high surface area alumina has been investigated with the use of a liquid Galinstan alloy [66.5% (wt %) Ga, 20.5% In and 13.

X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Investigations of Copper(II) Coordination in the Human Amyloid β Peptide.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the main cause of age-related dementia and currently affects approximately 5.7 million Americans. Major brain changes associated with AD pathology include accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) protein fragments and formation of extracellular amyloid plaques.

Altered Domain Structure of the Prion Protein Caused by Cu Binding and Functionally Relevant Mutations: Analysis by Cross-Linking, MS/MS, and NMR.

The cellular isoform of the prion protein (PrP) serves as precursor to the infectious isoform (PrP), and as a cell-surface receptor, which binds misfolded protein oligomers as well as physiological ligands such as Cu ions. PrP consists of two domains: a flexible N-terminal domain and a structured C-terminal domain. Both the physiological and pathological functions of PrP depend on intramolecular interactions between these two domains, but the specific amino acid residues involved have proven challenging to define.

Molecular Features of the Zn Binding Site in the Prion Protein Probed by Cd NMR.

The cellular prion protein (PrP) is a zinc-binding protein that contributes to the regulation of Zn and other divalent species of the central nervous system. Zn coordinates to the flexible, N-terminal repeat region of PrP and drives a tertiary contact between this repeat region and a well-defined cleft of the C-terminal domain. The tertiary structure promoted by Zn is thought to regulate inherent PrP toxicity.

Cell free fetal DNA to triage antenatal rhesus immune globulin: Is it really cost-effective in the United States?

Objective: To compare the efficacy and costs of three different strategies of antenatal rhesus immune globulin (RhIG) administration in a US population.

Methods: A decision tree analysis was undertaken for universal antenatal RhIG administration based on RhD serologic paternity testing, universal administration without paternity, and selective antenatal RhIG administration using cell free fetal DNA (cfDNA) for RHD fetal typing. Rates of alloimmunization were calculated.

Engineering Yarrowia lipolytica for the production of cyclopropanated fatty acids.

Traditional synthesis of biodiesel competes with food sources and has limitations with storage, particularly due to limited oxidative stability. Microbial synthesis of lipids provides a platform to produce renewable fuel with improved properties from various renewable carbon sources. Specifically, biodiesel properties can be improved through the introduction of a cyclopropane ring in place of a double bond.

Metabolic engineering in the host Yarrowia lipolytica.

The nonconventional, oleaginous yeast, Yarrowia lipolytica is rapidly emerging as a valuable host for the production of a variety of both lipid and nonlipid chemical products. While the unique genetics of this organism pose some challenges, many new metabolic engineering tools have emerged to facilitate improved genetic manipulation in this host. This review establishes a case for Y.

High-efficiency transformation of Yarrowia lipolytica using electroporation.

Yarrowia lipolytica is an industrial host organism with incredible potential for metabolic engineering. However, the genetic tools and capacities in this host lag behind those of conventional counterparts. In this study, we sought to increase the transformation efficiency of Y.

Synthetic Biology Expands the Industrial Potential of Yarrowia lipolytica.

The oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica is quickly emerging as the most popular non-conventional (i.e., non-model organism) yeast in the bioproduction field.

Rewiring toward triacetic acid lactone for materials generation.

Polyketides represent an extremely diverse class of secondary metabolites often explored for their bioactive traits. These molecules are also attractive building blocks for chemical catalysis and polymerization. However, the use of polyketides in larger scale chemistry applications is stymied by limited titers and yields from both microbial and chemical production.

Cyclopentadienones via a tandem -cyclopropylnitrone cyclization-cycloreversion sequence.

Aldonitrones derived from spiro[2.4]hepta-4,6-diene-1-carbaldehyde and its benzo analog undergo a tandem uncatalyzed intramolecular cyclopropane-nitrone cyclization-5,6-dihydro-1,2-oxazine cycloreversion to give cyclopentadienones. Similarly, the NH-nitrone generated in situ from spiro[cyclopropane-1,1'-indene]carbaldehyde oxime leads to benzocyclopentadienone (1-inden-1-one) by the same mechanism.