Prognostic significance of the tumour-adjacent tissue in head and neck cancers.

Even with significant advances in operative skills and adjuvant therapies, the overall survival of patients suffering with head and neck squamous cancers (HNSCC) is unsatisfactory. Accordingly, no clinically useful prognostic biomarkers have been found yet for HNSCC. Many studies analysed the expression of potential markers in tumour tissues compared to adjacent tissues.

Multimodal holographic microscopy: distinction between apoptosis and oncosis.

Identification of specific cell death is of a great value for many scientists. Predominant types of cell death can be detected by flow-cytometry (FCM). Nevertheless, the absence of cellular morphology analysis leads to the misclassification of cell death type due to underestimated oncosis.

3D-printed biosensor with poly(dimethylsiloxane) reservoir for magnetic separation and quantum dots-based immunolabeling of metallothionein.

Currently, metallothioneins (MTs) are extensively investigated as the molecular biomarkers and the significant positive association of the MT amount was observed in tumorous versus healthy tissue of various types of malignant tumors, including head and neck cancer. Thus, we proposed a biosensor with fluorescence detection, comprising paramagnetic nanoparticles (nanomaghemite core with gold nanoparticles containing shell) for the magnetic separation of MT, based on affinity of its sulfhydryl groups toward gold. Biosensor was crafted from PDMS combined with technology of 3D printing and contained reservoir with volume of 50 μL linked to input (sample/detection components and washing/immunobuffer) and output (waste).

Molecular response of 4T1-induced mouse mammary tumours and healthy tissues to zinc treatment.

Breast cancer patients negative for the nuclear oestrogen receptor α have a particularly poor prognosis. Therefore, the 4T1 cell line (considered as a triple-negative model) was chosen to induce malignancy in mice. The aim of the present study was to assess if zinc ions, provided in excess, may significantly modify the process of mammary oncogenesis.

Modulation of induced cytotoxicity of doxorubicin by using apoferritin and liposomal cages.

Doxorubicin is an effective chemotherapeutic drug, however, its toxicity is a significant limitation in therapy. Encapsulation of doxorubicin inside liposomes or ferritin cages decreases cardiotoxicity while maintaining anticancer potency. We synthesized novel apoferritin- and liposome-encapsulated forms of doxorubicin ("Apodox" and "lip-8-dox") and compared its toxicity with doxorubicin and Myocet on prostate cell lines.

KRAS NF-κB is involved in the development of zinc resistance and reduced curability in prostate cancer.

Zinc(II) ions are important components of many proteins and are involved in numerous cellular processes such as apoptosis or drug resistance. Prostate cancer has a unique relationship with zinc(II) ions. However, the relationship was examined only in short-term zinc(II) treatments.

Clinical significance of head and neck squamous cell cancer biomarkers.

Head and neck tumors belong among the six leading causes of cancer death worldwide. The predominant type of head and neck tumors consists of squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Early detection of primary tumor and relapse is a key factor for enhancing the survival rate of HNSCC patients, because high rates of cases are recognized at advanced stages.

Cisplatin-resistant prostate cancer model: Differences in antioxidant system, apoptosis and cell cycle.

Differences in the antioxidant system, apoptotic mechanism and in cell cycle between prostatic cell lines could partially elucidate the development of cisplatin resistance. The aim of this study was to identify the most characteristic parameter for a particular cell line and/or a particular cisplatin treatment using a general regression model and to assess whether it is possible to use measured parameters as markers of cisplatin resistance. This study integrates the results of viability, antioxidant, flow cytometric and quantitative PCR assays in order to characterize the resistance of prostate cancer to cisplatin.

Haloperidol cytotoxicity and its relation to oxidative stress.

Haloperidol (HP) is used for the symptomatic treatment of psychosis, manic phases, hyperactivity, aggressiveness, and acute delirium. Long-term use leads to various adverse side effects, especially to severe impairment of extrapyramidal nerve tracts and in particular, altered QT interval and increased incidence of arrhytmias. It is believed that cytotoxicity of HP and its metabolites is responsible for both neurotoxicity and cardiotoxicity.

Metallothionein polymorphisms in pathological processes.

Metallothioneins (MTs) are a class of metal-binding proteins characterized by a high cysteine content and low molecular weight. MTs play an important role in metal metabolism and protect cells against the toxic effects of radiation, alkylating agents and oxygen free radicals. The evidence that individual genetic characteristics of MTs play an important role in physiological and pathological processes associated with antioxidant defense and detoxification inspired targeted studies of genetic polymorphisms in a clinical context.

Utilization of paramagnetic microparticles for automated isolation of free circulating mRNA as a new tool in prostate cancer diagnostics.

Determination of serum mRNA gained a lot of attention in recent years, particularly from the perspective of disease markers. Streptavidin-modified paramagnetic particles (SMPs) seem an interesting technique, mainly due to possible automated isolation and high efficiency. The aim of this study was to optimize serum isolation protocol to reduce the consumption of chemicals and sample volume.

Effect of sarcosine on antioxidant parameters and metallothionein content in the PC-3 prostate cancer cell line.

Sarcosine is currently one of the most discussed markers of prostate cancer. It is involved in amino acid metabolism and methylation processes that occur during the progression of prostate cancer. In this study, we monitored the effect of the addition of sarcosine (0; 10; 250; 500; 1,000 and 1,500 µM) in a time-dependent manner (0-72 h) on the PC-3 prostate cancer cell line.

Determination of oxidative stress and activities of antioxidant enzymes in guinea pigs treated with haloperidol.

Guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) were treated with haloperidol (HP), and free radical (FR) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays were used to determine oxidative stress levels. Furthermore, the superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity levels were detected and glucose levels and the reduced and oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio were measured in HP-treated and untreated guinea pigs. The present study demonstrated that the administration of HP causes significant oxidative stress in guinea pigs (P=0.

MicroRNAs and zinc metabolism-related gene expression in prostate cancer cell lines treated with zinc(II) ions.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a large class of single-stranded RNA molecules involved in post-transcriptional gene silencing. miRNAs not only regulate various developmental and physiological processes but also are involved in cancer development. Additionally, they can be considered as biomarkers of some pathological processes.

Effect of zinc(II) ions on the expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic factors in high-grade prostate carcinoma cells.

Several typical characteristics of prostate tissue have been identified including the ability to accumulate zinc(II). However, this feature of prostate cells is lost during carcinogenesis and, thus, prostate cells are unable to accumulate zinc(II) ions in high levels. Therefore, we can expect that zinc(II) ions can significantly contribute to the progression of tumour disease and to the ability of prostate cell lines to metastasize.

Monitoring of the prostate tumour cells redox state and real-time proliferation by novel biophysical techniques and fluorescent staining.

The present paper is focused on zinc(ii) treatment effects on prostatic cell lines PC-3 (tumour) and PNT1A (non-tumour). Oxidative status of cells was monitored by evaluation of expression of metallothionein (MT) isoforms 1A and 2A at the mRNA and protein level, glutathione (oxidised and reduced), and intracellular zinc(ii) after exposition to zinc(ii) treatment at concentrations of 0-150 μM using electrochemical methods, western blotting and fluorescent microscopy. A novel real-time impedance-based growth monitoring system was compared with widely used end-point MTT assay.

Caveolin-1 as a potential high-risk prostate cancer biomarker.

Current diagnostic techniques of prostate cancer cannot efficiently distinguish the latent and low-risk forms from the high-risk significant forms of prostate cancer. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), except other functions, plays an important role in cell transformation and the process of tumorigenesis. Furthermore, Cav-1 is involved in metastatic processes.

Isolation of metallothionein from cells derived from aggressive form of high-grade prostate carcinoma using paramagnetic antibody-modified microbeads off-line coupled with electrochemical and electrophoretic analysis.

Prostate cancer with altered zinc(II) cell metabolism is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer in developed countries. The alterations of zinc(II) metabolism can influence metabolism of other metal ions and can also be associated with the expression and translation of metal-binding proteins including metallothioneins. The aim of this article was to optimize immunoseparation protocol based on paramagnetic beads conjugated with protein G for the isolation of metallothionein.