[Drug-resistant tuberculosis in the Republic of Karelia].

The study of drug resistance (DR) trends in the Republic of Karelia (2000-2005) indicated an increase in the incidence of multidrug resistant (MDR) tuberculosis. Among the contingents of patients, there was a particularly considerable increase in MDR tuberculosis from 18.4 to 57.

[Prevalence of primary drug resistance in M. tuberculosis in four administrative areas of the North-Western Federal District of the Russian Federation].

The paper describes the results of radiometric BACTEC assay of drug susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains, isolated from 81 new cases of tuberculosis, to first- and second-line antituberculosis drugs in four administrative areas of the North-Western Federal District of the Russian Federation. The results of determination of drug susceptibility to the antituberculosis drugs by the absolute concentration method and the BACTEC method are also compared. Primary drug resistance has been revealed in 58.

[Factors influencing morbidity rates in preschool children in the city of Orsk].

The comparative contribution of environmental factors to morbidity among the preschoolchildren of the town of Orsk was studied by applying currently available methods. Great morbidity is favoured by toxicosis during maternal second-half pregnancy, the poor health status of neonatal babies at birth and by the end of the first year of life, going to the nurseries where vegetable and calorie diets are not observed, the location of kindergartens in the areas with high traffic, high ambient air pollution with sulfuric anhydride and acid, and with substandard drinking water quality. Lower morbidity in children is in turn promoted by greater quantities of vegetables and fruits in the meals both at home and in the nurseries and kindergartens, over 2-month breast feeding, no adverse working conditions in their parents, as well as implementation of conditioning procedures in children.

[Pulmonary hypertension and myocardial contraction in disseminated types of pulmonary tuberculosis].

To elucidate the influence of hemodynamic factors on the development of right ventricular failure, hemodynamic parameters of the lesser and greater circulations and those characterizing myocardial contractility were studied in 36 patients. Despite profuse lung damage, pulmonary failure, and marked external respiration dysfunction that accompanied disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis, pulmonary hypertension was moderate and failed to be followed by hemodynamic overload, right cardiac hypertrophy and dilatation. Significant reductions in myocardial contractility both of the right and left cavities with a rise in the intensity of an inflammatory process suggest the leading role of a toxic and infectious agent in myocardial damage.

[Indications and contraindications to glomectomy in patients with bronchial asthma].

Thirty-year experience in surgical treatment of more than 3,000 patients with severe and moderately severe bronchial asthma showed that unilateral glomectomy produces a stable positive result in 69.5% of patients in follow-up repiods of two and more decades. Clinical recovery occurred in 23.

[Xenogeneic splenic perfusion in the treatment of bronchial asthma patients].

Blood morphology, external respiratory function, central hemodynamics, cellular and humoral immunity, circulating immune complexes, average molecules and leucocytic index were examined in 40 patients with a severe and average severe course of infection-dependent bronchial asthma before and after xenosplenoperfusion. Positive clinical results were noted manifested in an increase of the immune reactivity, improvement of external respiratory function. The method should be used with care due to additional sensibilization of the patient and possible bronchospasm.

[The effect of an acoustic calling signal on the sex hormone level in the blood of white mice].

The action was studied of synthesized acoustic signals, similar to the natural invocatory ones by their characteristics, on the level of sexual hormones in male and female mature laboratory mice, and also the dependence of these hormonal shifts on rhythmic organization of the artificial sound signals. As a result of the experiments it was convincingly shown that synthesized acoustic signal with the frequency of 3500 Hz (S-1) caused a functional load on the glands of internal secretion which was testified by statistically significant increase in the level of sexual hormones in the blood of males (by testosterone and extradiole) and female mice (by extradiole and progesterone). In order to clear up the role of rhythmic organization of signal studies were conducted with the application of synthetic acoustic signal (S-2), different from S-1.

[Role of intrathoracic pressure in changes in the greater and lesser circulation hemodynamics in patients with bronchial asthma].

The greater and lesser circulation hemodynamics was examined in 59 patients with bronchial asthma and 23 controls by tetrapolar rheography, kinetocardiography, and ultrasonic Doppler cardiography. Simultaneously measurements of intrathoracic pressure (ITP) were carried out with an esophageal controller. Reduced stroke index, increased total peripheral resistance of the vessels, and elevated systolic pressure in the pulmonary artery were revealed in the patients as against the controls.

[Content of middle mass molecules in blood serum of patients with burns after hemosorption treatment].

Content of so-called "middle mass molecules" in blood serum of patients with acute burn toxemia was studied by means of gel filtration on Sephadex G-25. Acute burn toxemia was accompanied by accumulation of the molecules in blood serum of the patients with burns; amount of these molecules correlated with a severity of burn trauma. The "middle mass molecules" were effectively eliminated after haemosorption on a charcoal sorbent SKN.

[Lactate dehydrogenase activity and isoenzyme spectrum in the transplanted sensory and sympathetic ganglia of the rat].

Total activity, isoenzyme pattern of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), morphological peculiarities of normal and transplanted in the mesentery for 1-7 and 30 days dorsal root and superior cervical sympathetic ganglia of the adult rats, were analysed. About 30% neurons in sensory ganglia and 5% in sympathetic ganglia were viable 30 days after transplantation. Total LDH activity was 3 times higher in normal sympathetic ganglia compared with that in spinal ganglia.