[Questionnaire of the Ryzhikh National Medical Research Centre for Coloproctology is a new tool for assessing chronic pelvic pain and pelvic organ dysfunction].

The article presents the work of a multidisciplinary team of experts from various fields of medicine to optimize the «Questionnaire for assessing chronic pelvic pain and pelvic organ dysfunction (QCPPD) of the Ryzhikh National Medical Research Centre for Coloproctology» for use in clinical practice. The survey of respondents was conducted from June 28 to September 28, 2021. As a result of this survey, by repeatedly making edits and clarifications during communication with respondents, the final version was obtained, which allows assessing the patient's subjective sensations by the nature and localization of pelvic pain, sensitivity disorders and pelvic organ function.

[Urological problems related to coloproctology. Part 2].

The second part of the review article is devoted to current urological and proctological issues: rectal injuries during urological procedures, rectal complications associated with prostate cancer, as well as violations of the genitourinary function during interventions on the pelvic and rectal organs. Ignoring the symptoms from the adjacent pelvic organs can lead to diagnostic errors and the choice of wrong treatment, which ultimately adversely affects the outcomes. The interaction of specialists "working in the small pelvis" is required to exchange experience and improve the quality of care for this category of patients.

[Urological problems related to coloproctology. Part 1].

The aim of this review was to characterize the possible urological manifestations of rectal disorders in case of the involvement of the genitourinary system, as well as the symptoms of urological diseases involving the distal part of the large bowel. In urological and coloproctological practice, the anatomical and physiological proximity of the distal part of the intestine and the urogenital organs is of importance (for example, the common innervation of the pelvic organs, the synergy of the pelvic floor muscles, etc.), since it results in similar clinical manifestations, making it difficult to make a diagnosis.

Preemptive analgesia for hemorrhoidectomy: study protocol for a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial.

Background: Hemorrhoidectomy is associated with intense postoperative pain that requires multimodal analgesia. It includes nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), acetaminophen, and local anesthetics to reach adequate pain control. There are data in literature preemptive analgesia could decrease postoperative pain after hemorrhoidectomy.

[Postpartum fecal incontinence. State of the problem].

A review of the current national and foreign literature is devoted to epidemiology, risk factors, causes, diagnosis and modern treatment approaches for fecal incontinence (FI). Incidence of FI in early and delayed period after childbirth is 30% or more. At the same time, up to 87% of postpartum injuries of anal sphincter remain undiagnosed.

[E.coli bacterial suspension in the treatment of hemorrhoids].

Hemorrhoidal disease is the most common proctologic disease and the search for new treatment methods, as well as an in-depth understanding of the mechanisms underlying effects of well-known agents on disease pathogenesis still remain relevant. There have been long recognized the effects of the bacterial culture suspension (BCS) as a therapeutic means eliciting decreased exudation during inflammation, wound healing, tissue regeneration, and stimulated immunity. Here, based on recent findings related to innate and adaptive immune cells, we set out to present mechanisms accounting for some effects coupled to commensal bacteria, particularly inactivated BCS, which are important for understanding pathogenesis-related action of drug Posterisan and Posterisan forte, and outline their broad application in therapy of hemorrhoids.

Hemorrhoidal artery ligation with Doppler guidance vs digital guidance for grade II-III hemorrhoidal disease treatment: Study protocol clinical trial (SPIRIT Compliant).

Introduction: Hemorrhoidal artery ligation (HAL) with Doppler guidance and suture fixation of hemorrhoidal nodes (RAR) is a popular minimally invasive technique for hemorrhoidal disease (HD) treatment which uses an ultrasound probe to detect hemorrhoidal arteries for further ligation. We hypothesized that ultrasound guidance has no advantages over manual hemorrhoidal arteries detection for HD treatment.The aim is to compare the results of HAL-RAR procedure in patients with stage II-III HD with Doppler and manual HA detection.

Classifications and Clinical Assessment of Haemorrhoids: The Proctologist's Corner.

Background: Haemorrhoidal disease (HD) is a benign condition affecting a considerable part of adult population. HD can be considered a social and economic burden with high impact on patients' lifestyle. Several new techniques and devices have been proposed for HD treatment; however, preoperative assessment is essential and the use of classification system is recommended.