Respiratory therapy for the treatment of anxiety: Meta-analytic review and regression.

Objective: Respiratory abnormalities are a hallmark of anxiety symptomatology and may serve as clinically useful modifiers for alleviating anxiety symptoms. However, gold-standard anxiety treatments (e.g.

Targeting fear of positive evaluation in patients with social anxiety disorder via a brief cognitive behavioural therapy protocol: a proof-of-principle study.

Background: Our aim was to develop a brief cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) protocol to augment treatment for social anxiety disorder (SAD). This protocol focused specifically upon fear of positive evaluation (FPE). To our knowledge, this is the first protocol that has been designed to systematically target FPE.

A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial of Brief Interventions to Encourage Quit Attempts in Smokers From Socioeconomic Disadvantage.

Introduction: Cigarette smoking disproportionately affects communities of low socioeconomic status where greater smoking prevalence and poorer cessation rates have been observed. Utilizing brief evidence-based interventions to increase cessation attempts may be an effective and easily disseminable means by which to mitigate undue burden in this population.

Aims And Methods: The current intervention randomized daily smokers (N = 57) recruited from a local community soup kitchen to receive either Brief (eg, 30 m) Motivational Interviewing, Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) sampling, or a Referral-Only intervention.

Electronic cigarettes and nicotine harm-reduction.

Electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDs) use has increased in prevalence over the last decade, which has led to questions about their public health impact. In this article, we explore the emergent research on the relative health effects of using ENDs versus combustible cigarettes, whether ENDs can be utilized to promote nicotine cessation, and whether the advent of ENDs' may lead to an increase in nicotine use and dependence. Extant research on ENDs' acute health effects find them to be lesser than use of combustible cigarettes.

Co-use of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems and Combustible Cigarettes, and Their Association with Internalizing Pathology and Vulnerabilities.

Nicotine use and psychological distress exert negative bidirectional effects on one another, and are impacted by shared vulnerabilities. Little work has examined the extent to which these relations differ between adult electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDs) users with varied combustible cigarette use histories. The current study examined differences in internalizing symptoms and vulnerabilities between adult dual and single ENDs users with and without a history of combustible cigarette use.

Quitting Failure and Success With and Without Using Medication: Latent Classes of Abstinence and Adherence to Nicotine Monotherapy, Combination Therapy, and Varenicline.

Introduction: Nonadherence to pharmacotherapies complicates studies of comparative pharmacotherapy effectiveness. Modeling adherence and abstinence simultaneously may facilitate analysis of both treatment acceptability and effectiveness.

Methods: Secondary analyses of a three-arm randomized comparative trial of nicotine patch, varenicline, and combination nicotine patch and lozenge among adult daily smokers (N = 1086) were conducted.

A comparison of psychometric and convergent validity for social anhedonia and social closeness.

Social anhedonia is an important construct that describes individual differences in preferences for interacting in and experiencing pleasure from social interactions and has been a central construct in the schizotypy literature. The description of social anhedonia is very similar to that of social closeness from the personality literature. However, no published studies have directly compared associations between social anhedonia and social closeness with an array of other measures of anhedonia, personality, and depression.

Anger profiles in social anxiety disorder.

Individuals with social anxiety disorder (SAD) exhibit elevated levels of anger and anger suppression, which are both associated with increased depression, diminished quality of life, and poorer treatment outcomes. However, little is known about how anger experiences differ among individuals with SAD and whether any heterogeneity might relate to negative outcomes. This investigation sought to empirically define anger profiles among 136 treatment-seeking individuals with SAD and to assess their association with distress and impairment.