100% N-acetyl-sulfamethoxazole stone induced by Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole in an HIV patient being treated for toxoplasmosis.

Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole is a common antibiotic used to treat urinary tract infections, as well as a prophylactic agent in HIV patients with low CD4 counts. Exceedingly rare are stones consisting purely of its metabolite, N-acetyl-sulfamethoxazole, and management strategies are not well documented in the literature. We present a case of a patient with HIV who was found to have obstructing ureteral calculi composed of 100% N-acetyl-sulfamethoxazole.

Bilateral Open Ureteroceles with Concomitant Bladder Calculi in an Adult Male.

Bilateral ureteroceles in adult males are a rare occurrence, made even more so with simultaneous presence of bladder calculi. Management strategies for such patients are not well documented in the literature. We present a rare case of bilateral open ureteroceles with large concomitant bladder calculi to contribute to the paucity of literature on management of such patients.

Therapeutic living donor nephrectomy.

Therapeutic living donor nephrectomy is defined as a nephrectomy that is performed as therapy for an underlying medical condition. The patient directly benefits from having their kidney removed, but the kidney is deemed transplantable. The kidney is subsequently used as an allograft for an individual with advanced renal disease.

Endoscopic Combined Intrarenal Surgery Can Accurately Predict High Stone Clearance Rates on Postoperative CT.

Objective: To determine stone clearance rates using endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery (ECIRS) and assess the accuracy of intraoperative prediction of stone-free (SF) status compared to postoperative CT scan.

Methods: A single institution, prospectively maintained database of ECIRS was queried for procedures performed 8/2017 to 1/2018. Retrograde access was performed using a ureteral sheath and flexible ureteroscope.

Tumor Evolution and Drug Response in Patient-Derived Organoid Models of Bladder Cancer.

Bladder cancer is the fifth most prevalent cancer in the U.S., yet is understudied, and few laboratory models exist that reflect the biology of the human disease.

Innovation in Robotics and Pediatric Urology: Robotic Ureteroureterostomy for Duplex Systems with Ureteral Ectopia.

Introduction: Robotic technology has been increasingly utilized for complicated reconstructive surgeries in pediatric urology, such as ureteroureterostomy (UU). The literature is limited regarding the performance of minimally invasive UU in children, and the existing published series utilize indwelling ureteral stents. We sought to report on our pediatric experience with robot-assisted laparoscopic (RAL)-UU using a temporary ureteral catheter in duplex systems with ureteral ectopia.

A Prospective Randomized Trial of the Effects of Early Enteral Feeding After Radical Cystectomy.

Objective: To investigate the role of early feeding on recovery after radical cystectomy and urinary diversion. Enhanced recovery protocols have helped to standardize postoperative recovery. This is the first study to directly review the impact of early feeding on recovery in a randomized multi-institutional protocol.

Is peri-operative urethral catheter drainage enough? The case for stentless pediatric robotic pyeloplasty.

Background: The necessity for urinary diversion with trans-anastomotic ureteral stenting during pyeloplasty is currently under debate. Performing a stentless repair could eliminate stent-related morbidity, including: stent migration, urinary tract infection, flank pain, and bladder spasms. In addition, there would be no need for a second procedure and associated anesthesia required for stent removal.

Serum cystatin C as a novel marker to differentiate pseudoazotemia in the setting of intraperitoneal urine extravasation.

Urinary ascites results in pseudoazotemia due to urinary creatinine reabsorption across the peritoneum. We report a case of a pyeloplasty complicated by urine extravasation, in which the diagnosis was aided by discrepant findings of an elevated serum creatinine level but a stable cystatin C level. Cystatin C is a marker of renal function but is not typically excreted into the urine and therefore can be used to differentiate pseudoazotemia from true azotemia and is a better marker of renal function in the setting of known urinary ascites.

Robot-assisted nephroureterectomy and bladder cuff excision without patient or robot repositioning: description of modified port placement and technique.

Introduction: Nephroureterectomy (NUx) with full bladder cuff excision is the gold-standard treatment for upper urinary tract urothelial cancer. Although minimally invasive techniques for NUx have demonstrated comparable outcomes to those of the open technique, the robotic technique is limited by the need for intraoperative patient repositioning and robot redocking to manage the distal ureter and bladder cuff. We describe our novel technique of robotic NUx that allows for complete access to the kidney and full bladder cuff excision.

Endoscopic management of intraluminal ureteral endometriosis.

Objective: To present the largest experience on the ureteroscopic management of ureteral obstruction secondary to intraluminal endometrial implantation.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated patients who underwent ureteroscopic management of intraluminal endometriosis from 1996 to 2012. All patients were diagnosed with ureteroscopic biopsy and underwent at least 1 ureteroscopic ablation with a holmium YAG (Ho:Yag) laser.

Diagnostic radiation exposure risk in a contemporary cohort of male patients with germ cell tumor.

Purpose: We determined the total amount of diagnostic radiation that a patient with testicular cancer receives during the course of treatment and the associated risk of secondary malignancy.

Materials And Methods: At a single institution 119 men with seminomatous and nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis were retrospectively identified. Annual and lifetime exposure to radiation was determined for each histological subtype.

Bis(amino acid) derivatives of 1,4-diamino-2-butyne that adopt a C2-symmetric turn conformation.

1,4-Diamino-2-butyne was prepared from 1,4-dichloro-2-butyne via 1,4-diazido-2-butyne. Bis(amino acid) derivatives of 1,4-diamino-2-butyne having the general structure (Boc-Xxx-NHCH2C[triple bond])2 (Xxx = Ala, Phe and Met) were prepared and examined by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Using chemical shift, coupling constant and DMSO titration data it is found that these compounds adopt a C2-symmetric turn conformation featuring two intramolecular hydrogen bonds.