Corrigendum to "Tuberculosis screening for patients on biologic Medications: A Single-Center experience and Society guideline Review, Monroe County, New York, 2018-2021" [J. Clin. Tuberc. Other Mycobact. Dis. 36 (2024) 100460].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.jctube.

Comparison of the rate of healthcare encounters for influenza from source-specific PM before and after tier 3 vehicle standards in New York state.

Background: Influenza healthcare encounters in adults associated with specific sources of PM is an area of active research.

Objective: Following 2017 legislation requiring reductions in emissions from light-duty vehicles, we hypothesized a reduced rate of influenza healthcare encounters would be associated with concentrations of PM from traffic sources in the early implementation period of this regulation (2017-2019).

Methods: We used the Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) to study adult patients hospitalized (N = 5328) or treated in the emergency department (N = 18,247) for influenza in New York State.

PM and its components and respiratory disease healthcare encounters - Unanticipated increased exposure-response relationships in recent years after environmental policies.

Prior studies reported excess rates (ERs) of cardiorespiratory events associated with short-term increases in PM concentrations, despite implementation of pollution-control policies. In 2017, Federal Tier 3 light-duty vehicle regulations began, and to-date there have been no assessments of population health effects of the policy. Using the NYS Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) database, we obtained hospitalizations and ED visits with a principal diagnosis of asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) for residents living within 15 miles of six urban PM monitoring sites in NYS (2014-2019).

Tuberculosis screening for patients on biologic Medications: A Single-Center experience and Society guideline Review, Monroe County, New York, 2018-2021.

Rationale: Biologic medications for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases may increase the risk of tuberculosis (TB) reactivation, but data on screening for TB in low TB prevalence areas are limited.

Objective: To assess the real-world practice patterns of TB screening among prescribers of biologic medications.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study at a single, university-based healthcare facility in a low TB prevalence area.

Triggering of ST-elevation myocardial infarction by ultrafine particles in New York: Changes following Tier 3 vehicle introduction.

Background: Previously, we found increased rates of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) associated with increased ultrafine particle (UFP; <100 nm) concentrations in the previous few hours in Rochester, New York. Relative rates were higher after air quality policies and a recession reduced pollutant concentrations (2014-2016 versus 2005-2013), suggesting PM composition had changed and the same PM mass concentration had become more toxic. Tier 3 light duty vehicles, which should produce less primary organic aerosols and oxidizable gaseous compounds, likely making PM less toxic, were introduced in 2017.

The effect of air pollution on the transcriptomics of the immune response to respiratory infection.

Combustion related particulate matter air pollution (PM) is associated with an increased risk of respiratory infections in adults. The exact mechanism underlying this association has not been determined. We hypothesized that increased concentrations of combustion related PM would result in dysregulation of the innate immune system.

Exposure to Heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (HpCDD) Regulates microRNA Expression in Human Lung Fibroblasts.

Objective: Benzo(ghi)perylene (BghiP) and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-Heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (HpCDD) were elevated in serum from personnel deployed to sites with open burn pits. Here, we investigated the ability of BghiP and HpCDD to regulate microRNA (miRNA) expression through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR).

Methods: Human lung fibroblasts (HLFs) were exposed to BghiP and HpCDD.

Benzo[a]pyrene Perturbs Mitochondrial and Amino Acid Metabolism in Lung Epithelial Cells and Has Similar Correlations With Metabolic Changes in Human Serum.

Objective: A study was conducted to identifymetabolic-related effects of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) on human lung epithelial cells and validate these findings using human sera.

Methods: Human lung epithelial cells were treated with BaP, and extracts were analyzed with a global metabolome-wide association study (MWAS) to test for pathways and metabolites altered relative to vehicle controls.

Results: MWAS results showed that BaP metabolites were among the top metabolites differing between BaP-treated cells and controls.

Integrative Network Analysis Linking Clinical Outcomes With Environmental Exposures and Molecular Variations in Service Personnel Deployed to Balad and Bagram.

Objective: To develop a computational approach to link clinical outcomes with environmental exposures and molecular variations measured in Department of Defense (DOD) serum-repository samples.

Methods: International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Division codes which corresponded to cardiopulmonary symptoms for service personnel were selected to test for associations with deployment-related inhalation hazards and metabolomics, micro-RNA, cytokine, plasma markers, and environmental exposure analyses for corresponding samples. xMWAS and Mummichog were used for integrative network and pathway analysis.

Machine Learning Approach for Predicting Past Environmental Exposures From Molecular Profiling of Post-Exposure Human Serum Samples.

Objective: To develop an approach for a retrospective analysis of post-exposure serum samples using diverse molecular profiles.

Methods: The 236 molecular profiles from 800 de-identified human serum samples from the Department of Defense Serum Repository were classified as smokers or non-smokers based on direct measurement of serum cotinine levels. A machine-learning pipeline was used to classify smokers and non-smokers from their molecular profiles.

Analysis of Postdeployment Serum Samples Identifies Potential Biomarkers of Exposure to Burn Pits and Other Environmental Hazards.

Objective: The potential health risks of deployment to sites with open burn pits remain poorly understood, in part, because personal exposure monitoring was not performed. Here, we investigated whether postdeployment serum samples contain biomarkers associated with exposure to burn pits.

Methods: A total of 237 biomarkers were measured in 800 serum samples from deployed and never-deployed subjects.

Associations of Benzo(ghi)perylene and Heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in Serum of Service Personnel Deployed to Balad, Iraq, and Bagram, Afghanistan Correlates With Perturbed Amino Acid Metabolism in Human Lung Fibroblasts.

Objective: A study was conducted to identify metabolic-related effects of benzo(ghi)perylene (BghiP) and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (HpCDD), on primary human fibroblasts to verify biological associations previously found in occupational health research.

Methods: Human lung fibroblasts were exposed to BghiP or HpCDD and extracts were analyzed with a metabolome-wide association study to test for pathways and metabolites altered relative to controls. Gene expression was measured by quantitative-real time polymerase chain reaction.

Metabolome-Wide Association Study of Deployment to Balad, Iraq or Bagram, Afghanistan.

Objective: To use high-resolution metabolomics (HRM) to identify metabolic changes in military personnel associated with deployment to Balad, Iraq, or Bagram, Afghanistan.

Methods: Pre- and post-deployment samples were obtained from the Department of Defense Serum Repository (DoDSR). HRM and bioinformatics were used to identify metabolic differences associated with deployment.

Environmental Chemicals Altered in Association With Deployment for High Risk Areas.

Objective: A study was conducted using serum samples and high-resolution metabolomics (HRM) to test for changes in abundance of environmental chemicals in deployment in high-risk areas (Balad, Iraq; Bagram, Afghanistan).

Methods: Pre and Post-deployment serum samples for deployment (cases) and matched controls stationed domestically were analyzed by HRM and bioinformatics for the relative abundance of 271 environmental chemicals.

Results: Of the 271 chemicals, 153 were measurable in at least 80% of the samples in one of the pre- or post-deployment groups.

Advances in Comprehensive Exposure Assessment: Opportunities for the US Military.

Objective: Review advances in exposure assessment offered by the exposome concept and new -omics and sensor technologies.

Methods: Narrative review of advances, including current efforts and potential future applications by the US military.

Results: Exposure assessment methods from both bottom-up and top-down exposomics approaches are advancing at a rapid pace, and the US military is engaged in developing both approaches.

Associations between Source-Specific Particulate Matter and Respiratory Infections in New York State Adults.

The response of respiratory infections to source-specific particulate matter (PM) is an area of active research. Using source-specific PM concentrations at six urban sites in New York State, a case-crossover design, and conditional logistic regression, we examined the association between source-specific PM and the rate of hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits for influenza or culture-negative pneumonia from 2005 to 2016. There were at most = 14 764 influenza hospitalizations, = 57 522 influenza ED visits, = 274 226 culture-negative pneumonia hospitalizations, and = 113 997 culture-negative pneumonia ED visits included in our analyses.

Changes in the hospitalization and ED visit rates for respiratory diseases associated with source-specific PM in New York State from 2005 to 2016.

Prior work found increased rates for emergency department (ED) visits for asthma and hospitalizations for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease per unit mass of PM across New York State (NYS) during 2014-2016 after significant reductions in ambient PM concentrations had occurred following implementation of various policy actions and major economic disruptions. The associations of source-specific PM concentrations with these respiratory diseases were assessed with a time-stratified case-cossover design and logistic regression models to identify the changes in the PM that have led to the apparently increased toxicity per unit mass. The rates of ED visits and hospitalizations for asthma and COPD associated with increases in source-specific PM concentrations in the prior 1, 4, and 7 days were estimated for 6 urban sites in New York State.

Changes in the acute response of respiratory diseases to PM in New York State from 2005 to 2016.

Prior studies reported that exposure to increased concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM) were associated with increased rates of hospitalization and emergency department (ED) visits for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this study, rates were examined from 2005 to 2016 using a case-crossover design to ascertain if there have been changes in the rates per unit mass exposure given substantial reductions in PM concentration and changes in its composition. PM concentrations were reduced through a combination of policies designed to improve air quality and economic drivers, including the 2008 economic recession and shifts in the relative costs of coal and natural gas.

Exploring the science, safety, and benefits of air care products: perspectives from the inaugural air care summit.

Seventy-one percent of US households purchase air care products. Air care products span a diverse range of forms, including scented aerosol sprays, pump sprays, diffusers, gels, candles, and plug-ins. These products are used to eliminate indoor malodors and to provide pleasant scent experiences.

Ambient and controlled exposures to particulate air pollution and acute changes in heart rate variability and repolarization.

Previous studies have reported increased risks of myocardial infarction in association with elevated ambient particulate matter (PM) in the previous hour(s). However, whether PM can trigger mechanisms that act on this time scale is still unclear. We hypothesized that increases in PM are associated with rapid changes in measures of heart rate variability and repolarization.