Association of standardized serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D with falls in post-menopausal women.

Unlabelled: Vitamin D status has long been related to falls risk. In this planned secondary analysis of a vitamin supplementation trial in postmenopausal women, standardized 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration up to 60 ng/mL was not associated with increased falls. Women with 25(OH)D ≥ 60 ng/mL had higher odds of ≥ 2 falls.

Targeted sequencing for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer in BRCA1/2-negative families reveals complex genetic architecture and phenocopies.

Approximately 20% of breast cancer cases are attributed to increased family risk, yet variation in BRCA1/2 can only explain 20%-25% of cases. Historically, only single gene or single variant testing were common in at-risk family members, and further sequencing studies were rarely offered after negative results. In this study, we applied an efficient and inexpensive targeted sequencing approach to provide molecular diagnoses in 245 human samples representing 134 BRCA mutation-negative (BRCAX) hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) families recruited from 1973 to 2019 by Dr.

Analysis of the Gene in FAMMM Syndrome Families Reveals Early Age of Onset for Additional Syndromic Cancers.

Familial atypical multiple mole melanoma (FAMMM) syndrome is a hereditary cancer syndrome that results from mutations in several genes, including the gene. In addition to melanoma, certain other malignancies such as pancreatic cancer are known to occur more frequently in family members who carry the mutation. However, as these families have been followed over time, additional cancers have been observed in both carriers and noncarriers.

Can surgical simulation be used to train detection and classification of neural networks?

Computer-assisted interventions (CAI) aim to increase the effectiveness, precision and repeatability of procedures to improve surgical outcomes. The presence and motion of surgical tools is a key information input for CAI surgical phase recognition algorithms. Vision-based tool detection and recognition approaches are an attractive solution and can be designed to take advantage of the powerful deep learning paradigm that is rapidly advancing image recognition and classification.

Efficacy of proximal colectomy for surgical management of right-sided first colorectal cancer in Lynch Syndrome mutation carriers.

Background: This study analyzes the occurrence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Lynch syndrome (LS) mutation carriers, interval until diagnosis of metachronous CRC, and survival after proximal colectomy (PC) compared with total (TC) and subtotal colectomy (STC) for right-sided first CRC in LS mutation carriers.

Methods: Sixty-four LS mutation carriers with right-sided first CRC treated with PC or TC + STC were confirmed by clinical records. Bivariate analyses were examined for significance and life tables were generated for risk of metachronous CRC and survival estimates following surgery.

Practice under pressure: what neurology can learn from anaesthesia.

Performing a stressful task under pressure is challenging. Strategies to optimise our training must focus on learning a skill correctly, and then practising that skill sufficiently to avoid compromising that performance in the cauldron of the clinical environment. This article discusses ways of doing things better, based on practical strategies employed in anaesthesia, but developed primarily in elite sport and the military.

Can a mobile app improve the quality of patient care provided by trainee doctors? Analysis of trainees' case reports.

Objectives: To explore how a medical textbook app ('iDoc') supports newly qualified doctors in providing high-quality patient care.

Design: The iDoc project, funded by the Wales Deanery, provides new doctors with an app which gives access to key medical textbooks. Participants' submitted case reports describing self-reported accounts of specific instances of app use.

Mobile learning devices in the workplace: 'as much a part of the junior doctors' kit as a stethoscope'?

Background: Smartphones are ubiquitous and commonly used as a learning and information resource. They have potential to revolutionize medical education and medical practice. The iDoc project provides a medical textbook smartphone app to newly-qualified doctors working in Wales.

How a mobile app supports the learning and practice of newly qualified doctors in the UK: an intervention study.

Background: The transition from medical school to the workplace can be demanding, with high expectations placed on newly qualified doctors. The provision of up-to-date and accurate information is essential to support doctors at a time when they are managing increased responsibility for patient care. In August 2012, the Wales Deanery issued the Dr.

Endometrial cancers in mutation carriers from hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome kindreds: report from the Creighton University Hereditary Cancer Registry with review of the implications.

Objective: The aim of this study was to categorize and report endometrial cancers in mutation carriers from hereditary breast ovarian cancer families.

Methods: Our Hereditary Cancer Registry was searched for gynecologic and peritoneal cancers linked to mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2. Invasive cancers were registered in 101 mutation carriers with complete pathology reports.

Are new supraglottic airway devices, tracheal tubes and airway viewing devices cost-effective?

Over the past two decades, a plethora of new airway devices has become available to the pediatric anesthetist. While all have the laudable intention of improving patient care and some have proven clinical benefits, these devices are often costly and at times claims of an advantage over current equipment and techniques are marginal. Supraglottic airway devices are used in the majority of pediatric anesthetics delivered in the U.

Mobile technology supporting trainee doctors' workplace learning and patient care: an evaluation.

Background: The amount of information needed by doctors has exploded. The nature of knowledge (explicit and tacit) and processes of knowledge acquisition and participation are complex. Aiming to assist workplace learning, Wales Deanery funded "iDoc", a project offering trainee doctors a Smartphone library of medical textbooks.

Projected evolution of California's San Francisco Bay-Delta-river system in a century of climate change.

Background: Accumulating evidence shows that the planet is warming as a response to human emissions of greenhouse gases. Strategies of adaptation to climate change will require quantitative projections of how altered regional patterns of temperature, precipitation and sea level could cascade to provoke local impacts such as modified water supplies, increasing risks of coastal flooding, and growing challenges to sustainability of native species.

Methodology/principal Findings: We linked a series of models to investigate responses of California's San Francisco Estuary-Watershed (SFEW) system to two contrasting scenarios of climate change.

Evaluating trainee doctors' educational use of a personal digital assistant: a pilot study.

In recent times, health-care providers in the western world have embraced modern technology to advance patient care. Ease and speed of access to modern technologies has enhanced the quality of medical education and provided a valuable new adjunct to workplace-based learning.

Tidal and meteorological forcing of sediment transport in tributary mudflat channels.

Field observations of flow and sediment transport in a tributary channel through intertidal mudflats indicate that suspended sediment was closely linked to advection and dispersion of a tidal salinity front. During calm weather when tidal forcing was dominant, high concentrations of suspended sediment advected up the mudflat channel in the narrow region between salty water from San Francisco Bay and much fresher runoff from the small local watershed. Salinity and suspended sediment dispersed at similar rates through each tidal inundation, such that during receding ebbs the sediment pulse had spread spatially and maximum concentrations had decreased.

Molecule capture by olfactory antennules: mantis shrimp.

A critical step in the process of olfaction is the movement of odorant molecules from the environment to the surface of a chemosensory structure. Many marine crustaceans capture odorant molecules with arrays of chemosensory sensilla (aesthetascs) on antennules that they flick through the water. We developed a model to calculate molecule flux to the surfaces of aesthetascs in order to study how the size, aesthetasc spacing, and flick kinematics of olfactory antennules affect their performance in capturing molecules from the surrounding water.

Rapid and complete occlusion of a heat and moisture exchange filter by pulmonary edema (clinical report).

Purpose: A case of near fatal obstruction of a breathing system is described, due to occlusion of a heat and moisture exchange filter in a patient with pulmonary edema. Previous reports have described cases of mechanical obstruction to fresh gas flow due to an accumulation of a bolus of fluid within the filter housing. However, in this case, the cause of occlusion was due to the protein and cell debris contained in a small amount of pulmonary edema fluid interacting with the filter membrane.