Acoustic analysis of surgeons' voices to assess change in the stress response during surgical in situ simulation.

Introduction: Stress may serve as an adjunct (challenge) or hindrance (threat) to the learning process. Determining the effect of an individual's response to situational demands in either a real or simulated situation may enable optimisation of the learning environment. Studies of acoustic analysis suggest that mean fundamental frequency and formant frequencies of voice vary with an individual's response during stressful events.

Pediatric laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy during the COVID-19 pandemic: A four-center collaborative protocol to improve safety with perioperative management strategies and creation of a surgical tent with disposable drapes.

Aerosolization procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic place all operating room personnel at risk for exposure. We offer detailed perioperative management strategies and present a specific protocol designed to improve safety during pediatric laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy. Several methods of using disposable drapes for various procedures are described, with the goal of constructing a tent around the patient to decrease widespread contamination of dispersed droplets and generated aerosol.

Preoperative augmentative and alternative communication enhancement in pediatric tracheostomy.

Objectives/hypothesis: Describe augmentative communication tools and strategies used by pediatric patients referred to inpatient speech-language pathologists prior to tracheostomy placement.

Study Design: Retrospective review.

Methods: A review of patients who underwent initial tracheostomy placement from 2013-2016 was conducted at a tertiary pediatric center.

Improving Team Performance Through Simulation-Based Learning.

American health care is facing an epidemic of medical errors. A major cause of these errors is poor teamwork. Crisis resource management (CRM) is a set of teamwork principles derived from the airline industry.

Emergency use of a customized tracheostomy tube for pediatric patients.

This article describes how to make a customized tracheostomy tube in an emergency setting for a pediatric patient. This is particularly critical when a commercial customized tracheostomy tube cannot be readily obtained.

Using medical simulation to teach crisis resource management and decision-making skills to otolaryngology housestaff.

Objectives: Develop a course to use in situ high-fidelity medical simulation (HFS) in an actual operating room (OR) to (1) teach teamwork and crisis resource management (CRM) skills simultaneously to otolaryngology and anesthesia trainees and OR nurses and (2) provide decision-making experience to ear, nose, and throat residents and OR teams in simulated high-risk, low-frequency airway emergencies.

Study Design: A simulation-based, in situ CRM course was developed to teach airway management and CRM in the OR. Upon completion of each course, the participants were surveyed using questions with (1-5) scale answers.

Minimally invasive endoscopic management of subglottic stenosis in children: success and failure.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of endoscopic management of subglottic stenosis both as a primary and as an adjunctive treatment in the pediatric population.

Methods: Retrospective review of pediatric patients with subglottic stenosis undergoing endoscopic airway procedures at a tertiary care pediatric medical center. Outcomes were assessed by systematic review to determine the success and failure of the endoscopic approach.

Validation of the Pediatric Voice-Related Quality-of-Life survey.

Objective: To validate the Pediatric Voice-Related Quality-of-Life (PVRQOL) survey, which was designed to assess voice changes over time in the pediatric population.

Design: Prospective longitudinal study.

Setting: Outpatient pediatric otolaryngology office practice.

Robin sequence: a retrospective review of 115 patients.

Objectives: Review a large series of patients with Robin sequence to document the incidence of (1) associated syndromic diagnoses; (2) co-morbid conditions; (3) frequency and type of operative management for airway compromise and feeding difficulties; and (4) possible differences in treatment between syndromic and nonsyndromic infants.

Methods: Retrospective case-review of 115 patients with Robin sequence managed between 1962 and 2002 at two tertiary-care teaching hospitals for evaluation of demographic information, clinical findings, and treatment interventions.

Results: Fifty-four percent (N=63) of patients were nonsyndromic.

Recurrent fetal rhabdomyoma of the head and neck.

We present a case of a congenital fetal rhabdomyoma which recurred after surgical excision. A review of the patient's chart, imaging studies, operative reports and histologic findings were conducted. A congenital fetal rhabdomyoma involving the head and neck region diagnosed prenatally by ultrasound and MRI was surgically excised without complications.