Women's perspectives of molecular breast imaging: a qualitative study.

Background: Mammography has poor sensitivity in dense breast tissue. Retrospective studies suggest that Molecular Breast Imaging (MBI), has superior diagnostic accuracy to mammography in women with very dense breast tissue. Women's perspectives of MBI are unknown, but are crucial to understanding the feasibility of, and routes to, adoption into practice.

Outcomes of X-Linked Agammaglobulinaemia Patients.

Background: X-linked agammaglobulinaemia (XLA), caused by mutations in BTK, is characterised by low or absent peripheral CD19 + B lymphocytes and agammaglobulinaemia. The mainstay of treatment consists of immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgRT). As this cannot fully compensate for the immune defects in XLA, patients may therefore continue to be at risk of complications.

Epigenome-wide analysis across the development span of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia: backtracking to birth.

Background: Cancer is the leading cause of disease-related mortality in children. Causes of leukemia, the most common form, are largely unknown. Growing evidence points to an origin in-utero, when global redistribution of DNA methylation occurs driving tissue differentiation.

Exploring the relationship between early cognitive ability and age-60 sleep quality: The Newcastle Thousand Families Study birth cohort.

Objectives: Poor sleep quality has been linked to adverse health outcomes. It is important to understand factors contributing to sleep quality. Previous research has suggested increased cognition and education duration have a protective effect on sleep quality in old age.

The effects of radiofrequency exposure on adverse female reproductive outcomes: A systematic review of human observational studies with dose-response meta-analysis.

Background: To inform radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure guidelines the World Health Organization (WHO) is bringing together evidence on RF-EMF in relation to health outcomes prioritised for evaluation by experts in this field. Given this, a network of topic experts and methodologists have conducted a series of systematic reviews collecting, assessing, and synthesising data of relevance to these guidelines. Here we present a systematic review of the effect of RF-EMF exposure on adverse pregnancy outcomes in human observational studies which follows the WHO handbook for guideline development and the COSTER conduct guidelines.

Tracking of MVPA across childhood and adolescence.

Objectives: Tracking of physical activity from childhood onwards is an important public health issue, but evidence on tracking is limited. This study quantified the tracking of Moderate-Vigorous Physical Activity (MVPA) across childhood and adolescence in a recent cohort from England.

Design: Longitudinal, with a socio-economically representative sample from North-East England, over an 8-year period.

Cumulative methotrexate dose is not associated with liver fibrosis in patients with a history of moderate-to-severe psoriasis.

Background: There are established risk factors for liver fibrosis (LF), but data on the impact of methotrexate on LF in patients with psoriasis are lacking.

Objectives: This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of LF in patients with psoriasis and to evaluate the relationship between LF, cumulative methotrexate dose and other LF risk factors.

Methods: Adults with a history of moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis were recruited between June 2020 and March 2021.

Associations between early infections and childhood cognition in the Newcastle Thousand Families Study birth cohort.

Childhood infections have been shown to stunt growth, contribute to malnutrition and reduce cognition in early adulthood. This study aimed to assess relationships between early life infections and childhood cognition at age 11 years in the Newcastle Thousand Families Study (NTFS). The analysis included 741 members from the NTFS who had complete data for infections between birth and 5 years, and the 11-plus examinations.

A Randomised Control Trial Investigating the Efficacy of the MapMe Intervention on Parental Ability to Correctly Categorise Overweight in Their Child and the Impact on Child BMI Z-Score Change at 1 Year.

Research suggests parental ability to recognise when their child has overweight is limited. It is hypothesised that recognition of child overweight/obesity is fundamental to its prevention, acting as a potential barrier to parental action to improve their child's health-related behaviours and/or help seeking. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of an intervention (MapMe) to improve parental ability to correctly categorise their child as having overweight one-month post-intervention, and reduce child body mass index (BMI) z-score 12 months post-intervention.

Radiation exposure and leukaemia risk among cohorts of persons exposed to low and moderate doses of external ionising radiation in childhood.

Background: Many high-dose groups demonstrate increased leukaemia risks, with risk greatest following childhood exposure; risks at low/moderate doses are less clear.

Methods: We conducted a pooled analysis of the major radiation-associated leukaemias (acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) with/without the inclusion of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL)) in ten childhood-exposed groups, including Japanese atomic bomb survivors, four therapeutically irradiated and five diagnostically exposed cohorts, a mixture of incidence and mortality data. Relative/absolute risk Poisson regression models were fitted.

Differences Between Self-Reported and Objectively Measured Hearing Loss at Age 61-63 Years: The Newcastle Thousand Families Birth Cohort.

Purpose: Hearing loss is most prevalent among older adults, yet underestimated by patients, clinicians, and research communities. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of self-reported hearing difficulties among a group of adults aged 61-63 years, against audiometric measures.

Method: The analysis used a sample ( = 346) of the Newcastle Thousand Families Study birth cohort.

Knowledge, attitude and practice of infection prevention and control precautions among laboratory staff: a mixed-methods systematic review.

Background: Clinical laboratories provide diagnostic testing services to support the effective delivery of care in today's complex healthcare systems. Processing clinical material and the use of chemicals or radiation presents potential hazard to laboratory workers, from both biological and chemical sources. Nevertheless, the laboratory should be a safe workplace if the identification of possible hazards, clear guidelines, safety rules and infection prevention and control (IPC) precautions are applied and followed.

Physical activity in young children across developmental and health states: the CHILD study.

Background: Evidence about physical activity of young children across developmental and health states is very limited. Using data from an inclusive UK cohort, ActiveCHILD, we investigated relationships between objectively measured physical activity, child development, social context, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Methods: Children (12-36 months), purposively sampled across health pathways, developmental abilities, and sociodemographic factors, were recruited through thirteen National Health Service organisations in England.

Dental antibiotics and referrals in general medical practice: Wales 1974-2017.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore trends and predictors for antibiotic prescriptions and referrals for patients seeking dental care at General Medical Practitioners (GMPs) over a 44-year period in Wales, UK.

Methods: This retrospective observational study analysed data from the nationwide Secure Anonymised Information Linkage Databank of visits to GMPs. Read codes associated with dental diagnoses were extracted from 1974-2017.

Muscle Function, Body Composition, Insulin Sensitivity and Physical Activity in Adolescents Born Preterm: Impact of Gestation and Vitamin D Status.

Whilst several studies have explored adolescent metabolic and cognitive function after preterm birth, few have explored muscle function and physical activity. We set out to examine the relationship between gestational age and muscle metabolism in a cohort of adolescents who were born preterm. Participants were recruited from the Newcastle preterm birth growth study cohort.

Quality of life and home parenteral nutrition: a survey of UK healthcare professionals' knowledge, practice and opinions.

Background: There is increasing interest in the assessment of health-related quality of life (QoL) in the care of patients treated with home parenteral nutrition (HPN). However, it is not known whether healthcare professionals (HCPs) have embedded QoL assessment into routine clinical practice in line with current guidelines to favour a more holistic approach to HPN care. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge, current practice and the opinions of HCPs regarding QoL in care of patients on HPN.

Failure to Launch: Predictors of Unfavourable Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour Trajectories from Childhood to Adolescence: The Gateshead Millennium Study.

In a previous study based on this cohort, only 15% of the participants belonged to a favourable physical activity/sedentary behaviour trajectory group (characterised by relatively high moderate-vigorous intensity physical activity and relatively low sedentary behaviour across childhood and adolescence). Since this favourable trajectory is protective against obesity, we aimed to identify factors associated with membership of this group. In this longitudinal study, 671 participants were assessed at ages 7, 9, 12 and 15 years.

Moderate-To-Vigorous Intensity Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour across Childhood and Adolescence, and Their Combined Relationship with Obesity Risk: A Multi-Trajectory Analysis.

The combined role of objectively assessed moderate-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) is unclear in obesity prevention. This study aimed to identify latent groups for MVPA and SB trajectories from childhood to adolescence and examine their relationship with obesity risk at adolescence. From the Gateshead Millennium Study, accelerometer-based trajectories of time spent in MVPA and SB at ages 7, 9, 12, and 15 were derived as assigned as the predictor variable.

Early diet in preterm infants and later cognition: 10-year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Achieving adequate nutrition in preterm infants is challenging. The post-discharge period may be critical for influencing growth and cognitive outcomes. We studied the effects of post-discharge nutrition on childhood cognition.

The Biological and Social Determinants of Childhood Obesity: Comparison of 2 Cohorts 50 Years Apart.

Objective: To determine whether the same relationships between early-life risk factors and socioeconomic status (SES) with childhood body mass index (BMI) are observed in a modern cohort (2000) compared with a historic cohort (1947).

Study Design: The relationships between early-life factors and SES with childhood BMI were examined in 2 prospective birth cohorts from the same region, born 50 years apart: 711 children in the 1947 Newcastle Thousand Families Study (NTFS) and 475 from the 2000 Gateshead Millennium Study (GMS). The associations between birth weight, breastfeeding, rapid infancy growth (0-12 months), early-life adversity (0-12 months), and parental SES (birth and childhood) with childhood BMI z-scores and whether overweight/obese (BMI >91st percentile using UK 1990 reference) aged 9 years were examined using linear regression, path analyses, and logistic regression.