Dispersive currents explain patterns of population connectivity in an ecologically and economically important fish.

How to identify the drivers of population connectivity remains a fundamental question in ecology and evolution. Answering this question can be challenging in aquatic environments where dynamic lake and ocean currents coupled with high levels of dispersal and gene flow can decrease the utility of modern population genetic tools. To address this challenge, we used RAD-Seq to genotype 959 yellow perch (), a species with an ~40-day pelagic larval duration (PLD), collected from 20 sites circumscribing Lake Michigan.

Pediatric Laryngeal Coccidioidomycosis: A Case Series in an Endemic Region.

Background: Laryngeal coccidioidomycosis is a rare but life-threatening manifestation of coccidioidomycosis. Data in children are sparse and limited to case reports. We conducted this study to review the characteristics of laryngeal coccidioidomycosis in children.

Comparative analysis of Microcystis buoyancy in western Lake Erie and Saginaw Bay of Lake Huron.

Microcystis is the predominant genus of harmful cyanobacterium in both Lake Erie and Saginaw Bay of Lake Huron and has the capacity to regulate the buoyancy of its colonies, sinking under certain conditions while floating towards the surface in others. Understanding the factors that control buoyancy is critical for interpretation of remote sensing data, modeling and forecasting harmful algal blooms within these two systems. To determine if Microcystis colony buoyancy in the two lakes responds similarly to diurnal light cycles, colony buoyant velocity (floating/sinking terminal velocity in a quiescent water column) and size were measured after manipulating the intensity of sunlight.

Fishing in greener waters: Understanding the impact of harmful algal blooms on Lake Erie anglers and the potential for adoption of a forecast model.

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) pose public health risks worldwide, because of the toxins that they can produce. Researchers have explored the impact of HABs on local economies, but know relatively little about the decision-making that informs these behaviors that lead to financial losses. Understanding the factors that inform this decision-making is critical to developing mitigative solutions.

Upper-Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis in Patients With Breast Cancer With Chest Versus Arm Central Venous Port Catheters.

Most of the patients undergoing treatment for cancer require placement of a totally implantable venous access device to facilitate safe delivery of chemotherapy. However, implantable ports also increase the risk of deep vein thrombosis and related complications in this high-risk population. The objective of this study was to assess the incidence of upper-extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) in patients with breast cancer to determine whether the risk of UEDVT was higher with chest versus arm ports, as well as to determine the importance of previously reported risk factors predisposing to UEDVT in the setting of active cancer.

Ecophysiological Examination of the Lake Erie Microcystis Bloom in 2014: Linkages between Biology and the Water Supply Shutdown of Toledo, OH.

Annual cyanobacterial blooms dominated by Microcystis have occurred in western Lake Erie (U.S./Canada) during summer months since 1995.

Are manic symptoms that 'dip' into depression the essence of mixed features?

Background: Three symptoms of (hypo)mania that clinically represent mood disorders mixed states have been omitted from the DSM-5 mixed features specifier because 'they fail to discriminate between manic and depressive syndromes'. Therefore, the present study examined the role of distractibility, irritability and psychomotor agitation (DIP) in characterising mixed depressive states.

Methods: Fifty in-patients at a specialist mood disorders unit underwent a detailed longitudinal clinical evaluation (3-6 weeks) and were assessed on a range of standardized measures to characterise their illness according to depression subtype, duration of illness and clinical features-including specifically depressive and manic symptoms and the context in which these occur.

Disk battery aspiration in a young child: a scarcely reported phenomenon.

Disk (or button) battery ingestion is not uncommon, with an estimated US incidence of 2 to 8 per million annually.(1) Reported serious adverse sequelae include esophageal stenosis, tracheoesophageal fistula, vocal cord paralysis, massive bleeding, and death.(1,2) There are, however, surprisingly few reports of aspirated batteries in the searchable literature; we found only 2.

Disinfection of flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopes after in vitro contamination with Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans.

Objective: To determine the efficacy of various cleaning and disinfective methods in reducing bacterial and fungal load on flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopes (FFLs).

Design: In vitro model.

Subjects: Flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopes contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans.

Latent fingermark development on a range of porous substrates using ninhydrin analogs--a comparison with ninhydrin and 1,8-diazofluoren.

Three relatively new reagents for developing latent fingermarks on porous substrates, 1,2-indandione (IND), 5-methylthioninhydrin (5-MTN), and lawsone, are compared with the more widely used ninhydrin and 1,8-diazofluoren (DFO). Developed latent fingermark visualization on 10 different substrates comprising colored papers, cardboard, and cellophane rather than conventional printer and writing/notepad paper is assessed using latent fingermark deposits from 48 donors. Results show improved fluorescent fingermark visualization using IND compared with DFO on a range of colored cardboards and thick white paper, thus extending the range of substrates known to yield improved visualization with IND.

Getting governance right for a sustainable regionalised business model.

The 1998 Ministerial Review of General Practice Training identified several areas for improvement that led to major changes in the provision of general practice training, including the establishment of General Practice Education and Training (GPET) and the regionalisation of training. The regionalised training business model has been in place for nearly 10 years, and several key organisations have been involved in its evolution, including the Australian Government, speciality colleges, GPET and regionalised training providers. Both the college-focused and regionalised-focused models have had some successes.

Linking the RACGP curriculum to vocational education.

Regional training providers face many challenges in delivering vocational training to general practice registrars across Australia. They need to be able to respond to new learning theories and the ever expanding volume of medical knowledge, as well as the changing medical workforce. In 2008, the Victorian Metropolitan Alliance (VMA) embarked on a project to map the new Royal Australian College of General Practitioners curriculum to the VMA program.

Endoscopic fenestration of a cerebellopontine angle arachnoid cyst resulting in complete recovery from sensorineural hearing loss and facial nerve palsy.

Cerebellopontine angle arachnoid cysts are usually asymptomatic, but are frequently found incidentally because of increased use of neuroimaging. Nevertheless, as these cysts enlarge, they may compress surrounding structures and cause neurological symptoms. Patients may present with vague, nonspecific symptoms such as headache, nausea, vomiting, and vertigo.

Will a new genotyping test help the clinician predict response to antidepressant drugs?

Objective: The aim of this paper is to evaluate the accuracy of a new genotyping test (Antidepressant PredictAR) in assigning patients as likely 'poor', 'rapid' or 'normal' metabolizers of antidepressant drugs.

Method: Eighty-nine patients were clinically assigned (on the basis of their historical response to antidepressant drugs) as 'poor', 'rapid' or 'normal' metabolizers and comparison was then made to their test-based 2D6 and C19 genotyping status reports.

Results: The overall capacity of the test to allocate patients to four differing phenotypic categories reporting for the genotyping test was not significant in relation to either C19 or 2D6 analyses.

Performance of a high flow rate, thermally extractable multicapillary denuder for atmospheric semivolatile organic compound concentration measurement.

A high flow rate (300 L min(-1)) multicapillary denuder was designed to collect trace atmospheric semivolatile organic compounds (SOCs). The denuder is coated with a reusable, polydimethylsiloxane stationary phase as a nonselective absorbent for SOCs. A solvent-free thermal desorption method was developed, including sample cleanup, that is selective for nonpolar SOCs, and has low consumables cost per sample.

Prediction of gas collection efficiency and particle collection artifact for atmospheric semivolatile organic compounds in multicapillary denuders.

A modeling approach is presented to predict the sorptive sampling collection efficiency of gaseous semivolatile organic compounds (SOCs) and the artifact caused by collection of particle-associated SOCs in multicapillary diffusion denuders containing polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stationary phase. Approaches are presented to estimate the equilibrium PDMS-gas partition coefficient (K(pdms)) from a solvation parameter model for any compound, and, for nonpolar compounds, from the octanol-air partition coefficient (K(oa)) if measured K(pdms) values are not available. These estimated K(pdms) values are compared with K(pdms) measured by gas chromatography.

Gas-phase cleanup method for analysis of trace atmospheric semivolatile organic compounds by thermal desorption from diffusion denuders.

A novel gas-phase cleanup method was developed for use with a thermal desorption method for analysis of trace semivolatile organic compounds (SOCs) in the atmosphere using diffusion denuder samplers to separate gas-phase from particle-associated fractions. The cleanup selectively removed hydrogen-bonding chemicals from samples, including much of the background matrix of oxidized organic compounds that is present in ambient air samples. Abraham solvation parameters were found to be useful predictors of recovery of compounds through the cleanup method; most compounds with A+B<0.

Evolutionary pressure on mitochondrial cytochrome b is consistent with a role of CytbI7T affecting longevity during caloric restriction.

Background: Metabolism of energy nutrients by the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is implicated in the aging process. Polymorphisms in core ETC proteins may have an effect on longevity. Here we investigate the cytochrome b (cytb) polymorphism at amino acid 7 (cytbI7T) that distinguishes human mitochondrial haplogroup H from haplogroup U.

Pediatric neck abscesses: changing organisms and empiric therapies.

Objective: To examine the causative organisms in pediatric neck infections, delineate risk factors in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) pediatric neck infections, and define patient populations that should be empirically treated with MRSA sensitive antibiotics.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Methods: Two hundred twenty-eight consecutive patients were reviewed, ages 0 to 17, presenting at a tertiary care center between 1999 and 2007 with computed tomography proven neck abscesses.

Evolutionary selective pressure on three mitochondrial SNPs is consistent with their influence on metabolic efficiency in Pima Indians.

We investigated whether the effect of evolutionary selection on three recent Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in the mitochondrial sub-haplogroups of Pima Indians is consistent with their effects on metabolic efficiency. The mitochondrial SNPs impact metabolic rate and respiratory quotient, and may be adaptations to caloric restriction in a desert habitat. Using TreeSAAP software, we examined evolutionary selection in 107 mammalian species at these SNPs, characterising the biochemical shifts produced by the amino acid substitutions.

Pediatric melanoma of the head and neck: a single institutions experience.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to review our experience with pediatric melanoma of the head and neck and discuss proper diagnostic protocols and suggest a possible treatment algorithm.

Study Design: The authors conducted a retrospective chart review of patients under the age of 18 who underwent treatment for melanoma of the head and neck at a tertiary care university hospital.

Results: Six patients were identified in the last 25 years at our institution.